| A | B |
|---|
| Scandinavia | Norway, Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Iceland |
| Low countries | Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg |
| Jutland peninsula | Denmark |
| Iberian peninsula | Spain & Portugal |
| Balkan peninsula | Greece |
| British Isles | United Kingdom & Ireland |
| North Sea | oil & natural gas |
| Germany | coal |
| Pyrenees | mountains separating Spain & France |
| Rhine River | carries much of the regions freight into central Europe |
| fjords | steep cliffs cut by glaciers into the coasts of Norway & Sweden |
| Thames River | flows through London |
| Vatican City | headquarters of the Roman Catholic Church & smallest country on Earth |
| Celts | were pushed into Scotland, Wales, & Ireland by the Romans |
| Druids | Celtic priests |
| Parthenon | built in honor of the goddess Athena |
| Greece | birthplace of democracy |
| Etruscans | built Rome as a trading empire |
| Latins | overthrew the Etruscans and became known as the Romans |
| Roman Empire | responsible for spreading Christianity throughout Western Europe |
| Constantinople | center of the Eastern Roman Empire |
| Rome | center of the Western Roman Empire |
| Vandals | one of the Germanic tribes that sacked Rome |
| feudalism | system of government established during the Middle Ages with kings, nobles, and peasants |
| crusades | holy wars waged by the Catholic Church in the 11th, 12th, & 13th Centuries to reclaim Jerusalem from the Muslims |
| Renaissance | "rebirth" of interest in ancient Greek & Roman knowledge that begin in Italy in the 1300s |
| Reformation | started by Martin Luther when he split from the Catholic Church |
| Industrial Revolution | began in the UK in 18th Century. Use of machinery to produce goods. |
| French Revolution | 1789, resulted in the beheading of the monarch and a republic form of government |
| Parliamentary democracy | type of government in Western Europe today |
| Berlin Wall | went up in 1961 and torn down in 1989 |
| Cold War | power struggle between democracy and communism from 1945 - 1991 |
| Hitler | leader of Germany during World War II |
| invasion of Poland, 1939 | event that began World War II |
| assassination of archduke Franz Ferdinand | event that began World War I |
| trench warfare | characteristic of WWI |
| Romantic languages | Italian, French, Spanish, Portuguese |
| Germanic languages | German, English, Norwegian, Danish |
| Dutch | people who live in the Netherlands |
| Danes | people who live in Denmark |
| Northern Ireland | still faces violence between Catholics and Protestants |
| arch | Roman addition to Greek architecture |
| European Union (EU) | united Europe into a common economy by eliminating tariffs and quotas |
| autobahn | interstate in Germany with no speed limit |
| chunnel | Channel tunnel that connects England & France |
| Bastile Day | July 14 - French national holiday |
| soccer | most popular sport in the world |
| Wimbledon | tennis tournament held in London each summer |
| Tour de France | famous bicycle race held each year in France |
| D-day | June 6, 1944 - allied invasion of Normandy, France |
| Pearl Harbor Day | December 7, 1941. Japan bombed the US naval fleet in Hawaii |
