| A | B |
|---|
| comes from the Greek work for house or habitat | eco |
| an area for study of how organisms and nonliving material act together | ecosystem |
| an ecosystem could be as large as a ______ or as small as a _______ | continent, puddle |
| to survive in an ecosystem organisms must... | adapt to the conditions of that ecosytem |
| Producers | plants produce or make complex substances that animals can use as food |
| plants need ___ | CO2, water and minerals |
| Consumers | animals get energy and nutrients by eating or consuming other organisms |
| Name the three kinds of consumers | herbivore, carnivore, omnivore |
| herbivore | eats only plants |
| carnivore | eats other animals |
| omnivore | eats both plants and animals |
| Decomposers | an organism that obtains energy by consuming dead organisms and the waste of living organisms |
| what do decomposers do | break down chemicals in dead organisms that can be use again |
| Give examples of decomposers | fungus, bacteria, worms, mushrooms |
| Food Web | chains in a community that are linked to form a food web |
| T or F Energy and nutients are passed from on organism to another in a food web | True |
| What are usually the bottom link in a food chain? | green plants |
| Energy pyramid | a model that shows how energy is used in a food chain or ecosystem |
| Where is the most energy available in the energy pyramid? | at the bottom of the triangle or pyramid |
| Where do plantss get energy? | directly from the sun |
| Where is the least amount of energy found on the energy pyramid? | at the top of the pyramid or at the end of the food chain |
| word "cycle" comes from? | Greek word that means "circle" |
| Give an example of the O2-CO2 cycle? | when you breathe, you take in 02 and give off CO2(respiration) |
| How does CO2 and O2 move through the ecosystem? | it moves in a circular pathway |
| Plants and other producers take in CO2 or O2? | CO2 |
| Animals and other comsumers take in CO2 or O2? | O2 |
| Animals exhale______? | CO2 |
| What do decomposers release as they break down dead organisms? | CO2 |
| Another name for the water cycle is? | Hydrolic cycle |
| step 1 of the water cylce | water evaporates, goes into the air and makes clouds |
| step 2 of the water cylce | the clouds rise to the cold upper air where rain or snow forms condensation |
| step 3 of the water cylce | the rain falls back to the Earth (percipitation) and runs into our rivers, oceans, and lakes |
| step 4 of the water cylce | transpiration-the process in which water from plants and trees evaporates |
| Water goes through the cycle_______ | over and over again |
| the process in which water pools in large bodies like oceans and lakes | Accumulation |
| the proces in which water vapor(gas) in the air turns into liquid water | Condensation |
| What are two ways condensation is form in the water cycle? | It forms clouds and water drops form on the outside glass of icy water are condensed |
| the process in which liquid water becomes water vapor(gas) | Evaporation |
| Where does water vaporize from? | water vaporizes from the surfaces of oceans and lakes,from the the surface of the land and melts in snow fields |
| the process in which water(in the form of rain, snow, sleet, or hail) falls from the clouds in the sky? | Precipitation |
| rain, snow melt, or other water that flows in undergroud streams, drains and sewers | Subsurface Runoff |
| rain, snow melt, or other water that flows in surface streams, rivers, or canals | Surface Runoff |
| Hoe much of the air is nitrogen? | 80% |
| what changes nitrogen gas into nitrogen compounds? | bacteria, dead organism, waste |
| how do take in nitrogen? | through their roots |
| when animals eat plants, die, and decompose what do they form? | nitrogen compounds |
| what do nitrogen compounds change into and where do they go? | they change into nitrogen gas and go into the air |
| what happens when ligtning strikes? | it forms nitrogen compounds that combines with the rain and goes into the soil |
| What disturb the natural recycling of O2 and CO2 | human activities--driving cars, gas powered thing, burning coal oil and natural gas |
| what is pollution? | anything produced that harms the envirnoment--mostly caused by people |
| Fertilizers contain nitrogen disturb the nitrogen cycle--T or F | T |
| If you use fertilizers what can't plants and deposers use or break down? | large amount of nitrogen compounds because it builds up and pollute ground water and the soil |
| How can you help reduce pollution | recycle paper, bottles, plastic and alluminum and building a compost bin |
| T o F change is a natural part of the history of any ecosystem | T |
| Are all changes in the environment long term? | no, they can be short term ex. results of fire, drought and flood |
| what are examples of long term changes in the environment? | results of climate changes, El Nino or La Nina |
| What is El Nino? | the periodic warming of the equatorial waters in the Pacific Ocean |
| Who named El Nino? | a fisherman in Peru |
| what does El Nino mean? | the child in Spanish |
| When does El Nino occur? | around Christmas |
| How often does El Nino occur? | every 2-7 years |
| How long can organism live in an ecosystem? | as long as it meets their need for food, water, shelter and other essentials |
| do organisms compete for similar resources? | yes |
| what does competition refer to? | it refers to a situation in which two or more organisms attempt to use the same resources |
| when resources are limited which organisms survive? | those who can best compete |
| How do animals solve the problem of limited resources? | by migrating |
