| A | B |
|---|
| accuracy | how well the results of an experiment agree with the measured and accepted value |
| precision | the degree of exactness with which a quantity is measured using a given instrument. |
| Independent variable | a variable in a functional relation whose value determines the value or values of ther variables, as K. |
| Dependent variable | a variable in a functional relation whose value is determined by the values assumed by other variables. |
| linear relationships | relationship between two variables, x and y, summarized by the equation y= ax+b, where a and b are constant |
| Quadratic relationship | parabolic relationship between two variables that exists where one variable depends on th square of another. |
| inverse relationship | mathematical relationship between two variables, x and y, summarized by the equation xy=k, where k is constant |
| scalar quantity | a quantity that has only magnitude |
| vector quantity | a quantity that has both magnitude and direction |
| displacement | the vector quantity that defines the distance and direction between two positions |
| times intervals | difference in time between two clock readings |
| velocity | a vector quantity whose magnitude is a body's speed and whose direction is the body's direction of motion |
| speed | rapidly in moving, going , traveling, proceeding, or performing, swiftness. |
| Force | a push or pull exerted on an object having magnitude and direction it may be either a contact or language force |
| Newton's 1st law of motion | if a system has no net force on it, then its velocity will not change |
| Newton's 2nd Law of motion | acceleration of an object divided by its mass |
| Newton's 3rd Law of motion | all forces come in pairs that are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction |
| weight | the amount of quantity of heaviness or mass, amount a thing weight. |
| friction | surface resistance or relative motion, as of body sliding or rolling |
| static friction | the force that opposes the start of relative motion between the two surfaces in contact |
| sliding friction | when two surfaces slide against each other |
| coefficient of friction | the ratio of the force that maintains contact between an object that resists the motion of the object and a surface and the frictional force. |
| Net force | the vector sum of all forces on an object |
| projectile | an object with independent vertical and horizontal motions that moves through the air only under the force of gravity after an initial thrust |
| trajectory | the path of a projectile through space |
| simple harmonic motion | motion that returns an object to its equilibrium position as a result of a restoring force that is directly proportional to the object's displacement |
| period | in any periodic motion, the time needed to repeat one other complete cycle of motion |
| amplitude | the maximum distance an object moves from equilibrium in any periodic motion |
| momentum | force of speed of movement; impetus, as of a physical object or course of events |
| impulse | the product of the average net force exerted on an object equals its change; coincaling |
| impuls-momentum theorem | the impulse given an object equals its change in momentum |
| law of conservation of momentum | the momentum remains the same for any closed system upon which there is no net external force |
| elastic collision | a collision in which the kinetic energy remains unchanged. |
| perfect inelastic collision | where all the initial kinetic energy is distrubuted among the microscoopic particles of the collision |
| work | the process of chnging the interface energy of a system by means of force |
| energy | the property of an object that allows it to produce change in th environment or in itself |
| work-energy theorem | wokr done on an object results in a change in kinetic energy |
| joule | SI unit of energy equal oto one newton -meter |
| power | the rate of doing work. the rate at which energy is transferred |
| machine | a device that changes the magnitude or the direction of a force needed to do work, making the task easier to accomplish |
| watt | unit of power; one joule per sec |
| effort force | the force exerted by a machine |
| mechanical advantage | the ratio of the resistance force to the effort force |
| efficiency | the ratio outpu work to the input work |
| mechanical energy | the sum of kinetic energy and gravitational potential |
