| A | B |
|---|
| weathering | the breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth's surface |
| erosion | the movement of rock particles by wind, water, ice, & gravity |
| deposition | the laying down of sediment by wind, water, ice, and gravity |
| abrasion | the grinding away of rock by rock particles carried by wind, water, ice, or gravity |
| chemical weathering | the breaking down of rock through chemical changes |
| mechanical weathering | the process in which rock is physically broken into smaller pieces |
| an example of mechanical weathering | when water seeps into the cracks of rocks, then freezes & expands breaking the rock down |
| an example of chemical weathering | when the iron in rocks reacts with the oxygen in air & water causing rust to form |
| permeable | What is a rock said to be that is full of tiny, connected air spaces & allows water to pass through easily? |
| soil | What does weathered rock & decayed organic material form? |
| sediment | the material (or broken down particles) moved by erosion |
| gravity | What couses landslides, avalanches, mudflows, and creep? |
| amount of rain, type of soil, & presence of vegetation | Which factors will determine the amount of runoff in an area? |
| groundwater | water that soaks into the ground & collects there |
| limestone | the kind of rock that is dissolved by groundwater to form caves & sinkholes |
| bedrock | the solid layer of rock beneath the soil |
| layers of soil | What are soil horizons? |
| Dust Bowl | What was it called when parts of Oklahoma & surrounding states lost soil in the 1930's? |
| runoff | water that moves over Earth's surface when it rains |
| delta | What builds up where sediment is deposited where a river flows into an ocean or lake? |
| glacier | a large mass of ice that moves slowly over land |
| ice age | times in the past when continental glaciers covered large parts of Earth's surface |
| beach | an area of wave-washed sediment that is deposited along a coast |
| sand dune | a deposit of wind-blown sand |
| v-shaped valley | What forms when rivers erode rapidly as they flow over steep slopes? |
