| A | B |
|---|
| archae- | a prefix that comes from a Greek word meaning “ancient” |
| BACTERIA | a large group of one-celled organisms that sometimes cause disease |
| CELL | the smallest unit that is able to perform the basic functions of life |
| CELL MEMBRANE | the outer boundary of the cytoplasm; a layer that controls what enters or leaves a cell; a protective covering enclosing an entire cell |
| CELL WALL | a protective outer covering that lies just outside the cell membrane of plant cells |
| CHLOROPLAST | an organelle in a plant cell that contains chlorophyll, a chemical that uses the energy from sunlight to make sugar |
| CYTOPLASM | a thick, gelatin-like material contained within the cell membrane where most of the work of the cell is carried out |
| DOMAIN | one of three divisions in a classification system based on different types of cells |
| EUKARYOTIC CELL | a cell in which the genetic material is enclosed within a nucleus, surrounded by its own membrane |
| MITOCHONDRIA | organelles that release energy by using oxygen to break down sugars |
| MULTICELLULAR | a term used to describe an organism that is made up of many cells |
| NUCLEUS | the structure in a eukaryotic cell that contains the genetic material a cell needs to reproduce and function |
| ORGAN | a structure in a plant or animal that is made up of different tissues working together to perform a particular function |
| ORGANELLE | a structure in a cell that is enclosed by a membrane and that performs a particular function |
| ORGANISM | an individual living thing, made up of one or many cells, that is capable of growing and reproducing |
| PROKARYOTIC CELL | a cell that lacks a nucleus and other organelles |
| SPECIALIZATION | the specific organization of a cell and its structure that allows it to perform a specific function |
| SPONTANEOUS GENERATION | idea once believed by scientists that bacteria grew from nonliving materials |
| TISSUE | a group of similar cells that are organized to do a specific job |
| UNICELLULAR | a term used to describe an organism that is made up of a single cell |
