| A | B |
|---|
| animism | the belief that spirits are present in animals, plants, and other natural objects |
| artifact | a human-made object, such as a tool, weapon, or piece of jewelry |
| bubonic plague | a deadly disease that spread across asia and europe in the mid-14th century |
| capitalism | an economic system based on private ownership and on the investment of money in business to make a profit |
| caste system | four classes of people in the social system of the aryans |
| civilization | a form of culture characterized by cities, specialized workers, complex institutions, and advanced technology |
| culture | a people's unique way of life, as shown by its tools, customs, arts,and ideas |
| council of trent | a meeting of roman catholic leaders to rule on doctrines criticized by the protestant reformers |
| democracy | a government controlled by its citizens, either directly or through representatives |
| feudalism | a political system in which nobles are granted the use of lands that legally belong to their king, in exchange for their loyalty |
| hajj | a pilgrimage to mecca, performed as a duty by muslims |
| hieroglyphics | an ancient egyptian writing system in which pictures were used to represent ideas and sounds |
| imperialism | a policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, economically, or socially |
| indulgence | a pardon releasing a person from punishments due for a sin |
| irrigation | the bringing of water to crop fields by means of canals and ditches |
