| A | B |
|---|
| geology | The study of planet earth |
| constructive forces | shape the surface by building mountains and landmasses |
| destructive forces | slowly wear away mountains and other land features |
| seismic wave | waves created by the force of an earthquake that geologists use to study Earth's interior |
| crust | layer of rock making up Earth's outer layer |
| mantle | layer of hot rock under the crust |
| basalt | dark, dense rock making up the oceanic crust |
| granite | rock making up the continental crust |
| lithosphere | rigid layer crust and the upper layer of mantle |
| pressure | force pushing on a surface or area |
| asthenosphere | soft, plastic-like layer of the mantle under the lithosphere |
| outer core | layer of molten metal which is responsible for the earth's magnetic field. |
| inner core | dense ball of solid iron and nickel metal |
| heat transfer | movement of energy from a warmer object to a cooler object |
| radiation | transfer of energy through empty space. ex. sun |
| conduction | transfer of heat by direct contact ex. hot plate |
| density | amount of mass in a volume of substance |
| convection current | caused by the transfer of heat as soft rock flows through the mantle |
| convection | transfer of heat by the movement of a heated fluid |
| continents | seven landmasses that make up the earth above sealevel |
| Geologists | Scientists who study the forces that make and shape planet earth |
| Rock | The material that forms earth's hard surface. made from minerals and is inorganic |
