| A | B |
|---|
| Archduke Franz Ferdinand | his assassination sparked WWI |
| Lusitania | this British liner was sunk by a German U-Boat |
| Allies | in 1914, this alliance consisted of France, Great Britain, and Russia |
| Central Powers | in 1914, this alliance consisted of Germany, Austria Hugary, and the Ottoman Empire |
| Zimmerman Note | this suggestion of an alliance between Mexico and Germany deeply angered the American people |
| militarism | this long-term cause of the war led to anaval arms race between nations in Europe and the US |
| imperialism | this long-term cause of the war--involving a contest for colonies--was closely linked with industrialization |
| trench warfare | in the Battle of the Somme, this resulted in the exchange of 1.2 million casusalties for seven miles of territory |
| nationalism | this long-term cause of the war encouraged competitiveness between nations and encouraged various ethnig groups to attempt to create nations of their own |
| mechanized warfare | this began with the introduction of the tank and the airplane as weapons |
| Selective Service Act | when the US entered the war, it lacked a powerful army. This solved that problem |
| Treaty of Versailles | it was rejected by the Senate |
| Fourteen Points | Wilson's plan that called for the creation of a League of Nations |
| Treaty of Versailles | it called on Germany to demilitarize, pay war reparations, and return territory to France |
| Bosnia | the event that triggered WWI was an assassination that occurred here |
| U-boats | German submarines |
| France | where was the Western Front located? |
| Western Front | European battlefields located in France were collectively known as this |
| Serbia | Austria-Hungary blamed this country for the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand |
| the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand | Austria-Hungary blamed Serbia for this |
| Russia | withdrew from WWI after communist revolution, important because Germany moved all of its forces to the Western Front to fight the Allied Powers, suffered the most casualties of any country in WWI |
| Zimmerman Note/Telegram | suggested an alliance between Mexico and this country |
| Woodrow Wilson | president during WWI |
| Alliances | systems that were set up in Europe in which countries promised to defend each other in case of war |
| Schlieffen Plan | German battle plan in which Germany planned to defeat France by marching through neutral Belgium, Germany wanted a quick victory so they did not have to fight France on the West and Russia on their East |
| Eastern Front | area EAST of Germany where fighting took place between Germany and Russia |
| Barbed Wire | used in no-mans land to slow down the approaching army in trench warfare |
| No Man's Land | area inbetween the trenches in which many soldiers were killed |
| "Over the Top" | the name given for when soldiers were called to action and went out over the top of the trenches into No Man's Land |
| U-Boats | submarines that the Germans used to sink many Allied Powers ships |
| Poison Gas | weapons used in WWI that killed many - Chlorine and Mustard - forced troops to have to wear gas masks |
| Machine Guns | first war in which they were used, could shoot 400 bullets per minute, very deadly in trench warfare |
| Airplanes and Zeppelins | used for the first time to spy on troop movements, eventually used to drop bombs and mounted with machine guns |
| Tanks | first used in WWI, very heavy and slow (Little Willie only went 3 mph)- used mostly in trench warfare to protect soldiers from machine gun fire |
| Artillery Guns | large cannons that were positioned behind the trenches with the goal of destroying the enemies trenches |
| Sussex Pledge | a promise that Germany made to the US that they would warn ships before the U-Boats would fire on them, they broke this promise |
| Wheatless and Meatless Days | days dedicated to conserving these valuable resources for the troops |
| School Garden Army | students who grew crops for the troops |
| War Bonds or Liberty Bonds | way the government financed the war |
| propaganda | media tool used to persuade Americans to support the war |
| AEF | the name of the american fighting forces (American Expeditionary Forces) |
| General John Pershing | leader of the American troops |
| Isolationists | people who wanted nothing to do with the problems in Europe |
| League of Nations | part of Wilson's 14 points - a group that would mediate conflicts between countries, it did not work |
| Consequences of Treaty | Germany goes into a depression, loses valuable land and colonies, has to take the blame for the war which embarrased them, and caused many in Germany to want revenge |
| When did the war start? | 1914 |
| When did the war end? | 1918 |
| British Blockade | when G.B. used its navy to block all supplies from entering Europe in an effort to weaken Germany |
| Victory Gardens | name given to gardens grown by citizens on the home front who harvested crops and gave them to the armed forces |
| trench warfare | cold, wet, rats, disease, long periods of bombing |
| New technology in WWI | machine guns, poison gas, tanks, submarines, airplanes |
| Main Points of the Treaty | Germany had to give up colonies, disarm, take blame for the war and pay reparations |
| How did the US want to treat Germany | punish them but not to the point in which they would want to seek revenge |
| Battle of the Somme | one of the bloodiest battles in which over one million died |
| Total deaths in WWI | 9 million |
| total US Casualties | 116,000 |
| War Industries Board | an organization formed during WWI to help organize factories to help produce war materials |
| Lost Battalion | a US fighting unit that lost all contact with US commanders and fought off the Germans for several days in the Argonne forest even though they were surrounded |
| Argonne Forest | heavily wooded area in which the Lost Battalion was surrounded by the Germans |
| New York 77th Infantry Division | another name for the Lost Battalion |
| Kaiser | title for the German President |
| Trench Warfare | system of fighting utlized in WWI in which soldiers fought in a long system of dugout tunnels |
| duckboards | a basic floor to the trench so soldiers didn't have to stand in water and mud |
| dugout | a room that is dugout in the trench for soldiers to sleep and for army commanders to plan |
| reparations | when a country pays another country for damages caused by the war (Germany had to pay reparations for the damages they caused during the war. Germany was blamed for the entire war.) |
| firestep | a ledge that was made in the trenches so soldiers could stand on them and fire their guns out of the trenches |
| Importance of Russian Revolution | With Russia dropping out of the war, Germany no longer needed to keep half their troops in Russia. Now the Germans could put all of their troops into action on the Wester Front in France. This gave Germany a tremendous advantage. |
| Sedition Act | law passed by the President which made it illegel for Americans to speak out against the war. |
| Committee on Public Information | group that organized the flow of propaganda to the American public. They also used yellow journalism tactics to get Americans to support the war |
| artillery | large cannons or guns that are fired from behind the trenches at the enemy. The goal was to destroy the enemies trenches with these weapons. |
