| A | B |
|---|
| homogeneous mixture | parts of a mixture are evenly distributed |
| heterogeneous mixture | parts of a mixture are not evenly distributed |
| mixture | formed when two or more substances are combined physically. All the substances in a mixture retain their original properties. |
| matter | everything in our world that has mass or weight and takes up space |
| mass | the amount of matter in an object |
| volume | the amount of space an object takes up |
| density | the mass per unit volume of a substance at a particular temperature and pressure. Density measures how tightly packed the particles of a substance are. |
| soluble | can be dissolved |
| alloy | a solution of one or more metals and other solids. |
| saturated solution | when a solution has dissolved all of the solute that it can dissolve |
| solution | formed when one substance is dissolved in another substance |
| solute | the substance that is being dissolved |
| evaporation | when a substance changes from a liquid to a gas |
| insoluble | a substance will not dissolve in a solvent |
| concentrated solution | contains a large amount of solute compared to the amount of solvent. A strong solution |
| diluted solution | has a small amount of solute compared to the amount of solvent. A weak solution |
| unsaturated solution | a solution that can dissolve more solute |
| physical change | occurs when the appearance of a substance changes, but chemically the substance is the same |
| solvent | the substance in which the solute is dissolved |
| sublimation | a substance changes from a solid directly to a gas |
| chemical change | the substances produced during this reaction are different from the original substances |
| What are some examples of physical properties of matter? | color, size, shape, volume, mass, weight, texture, odor, density etc... |
| What are the three states of matter? | solid, liquid, and gas |
| Be able to decide if a change is physical or chemical. | Example: striking a match is chemical, breaking a glass is physical |
| Be able to calulate the density of a substance. | Divide the volume into the mass. The answer will be in grams per cubic centimeter |
| 1 ml | equals 1 cubic centimeter |
| Calculate the volume of a cube. | length x width x height or use the water displacement method |
| meniscus | the curved surface level of water in a graduated cylinder |
| weight | the amount of the pull of gravity between an object and Earth |
| melting point | the temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid |
| boiling point | the temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas |
| Archimede's principle | objects that are less dense than water will float on water; objects with a density greater than water will sink in water |
| density of water | 1 gram per cubic centimeter |
| density of oil | .90 g/cubic centimeter |
| States of matter | the state of matter depends on how fast the molecules are moving and how much attraction the molecules have for one another. Solid molecules are close together, liquid molecule are farther apart than the molecules in a solid. The molecules in gases are very far apart. |
| Finding density using water displacement | Make sure you understand how to find the density of a solid object using water displacement. Page E6 in our text. |
| volume of a cylinder | equals 3.14 x r squared x height |
