| A | B |
|---|
| Romulus | according to legend, he founded the city of Rome |
| Etruscans | took over Rome for 66 years; they introduced the arch to the Romans |
| arch | Etruscans (and later the Romans) used this in architecture |
| cruel | the last of the early kings was known to be this; he ignored the Senate and terrorized his people |
| hills | Rome was built on seven of these |
| Tiber | the river which flows through Rome |
| republic | a government where citizens vote for their leaders |
| consuls | two ruled at the same time; each ruled for one year and each could veto the other's ideas |
| patricians | the class of people made up of the wealthy (those whose ancestors were wealthy also) |
| plebeians | the class of people made up of artisans, shopkeepers, and peasants |
| debt bondage | when a person becomes a servant to him who gave him money/food |
| tribunes | representatives of the plebeians |
| withdrew from Rome | the nonviolent direct action which the plebeians did twice in history to get more say in government |
| veto | to officially say "no" to an idea, law, or bill |
| Senate | the group of 300 citizens who proposed (made up) laws |
| citizen assembly | the group of all male citizens who approved or disapproved laws proposed by the Senate |
| allies | what people became when they joined the empire |
| fight for Rome | what allies had to do for the Roman government (in addition to paying taxes) |
| protection and profits | what allies got for being part of the empire |
| Carthage | the number one trade rival of Rome |
| Sicily | the island over which both Rome and Carthage fought for possession |
| Scipio | the great Roman general who defeated Carthage |
| Zama | the town outside of Carthage where the last battle took place; Rome then had control of the entire area |
| Spartacus | a slave who gathered over 100,000 and fought against the Roman army |
| Julius Caesar | before he became caesar, he was a general who conquered Gaul (France) for Rome |
| Hannibal | a Carthaginian general who unsuccessfully brought troops, horses, and elephants over the Alps to invade Rome |
| Greco-Roman | something made by the Romans which was copied from the Greeks |
| Jupiter | Roman chief god |
| Venus | Roman goddess of love |
| Mars | Roman god of war |
| legion | an army unit made up of 6000 soldiers |
| roads | these were extremely well constructed by the Romans; these helped speed up trade, communication, and troop movement |
| concrete | a material created to be used in constructing walls and other structures |
| aqueducts | these carried water from the mountain springs to the cities |
