| A | B |
| utilitarianism | behavior must be useful, purposeful, and reasonable |
| anomie | norm or role confusion |
| bourgeoisie | owners of the means of production |
| proletariat | those who actually angage in labor |
| cross sectional research | simultaneous measurements of subjects in a sample who come from different backgrounds |
| longitudinal research | observation of those who share a like characteristic over time |
| Emile Durkheim | one of the founders of sociological theory |
| Beccaria | The author of "On Crimes and Punishment" |
| Lombroso | Author of "Criminal Man" |
| Marx | one of the authors of "The Communist Manifesto" |
| positivism | involves the use of science |