| A | B |
|---|
| What does DNA stand for? | deoxyribonucleic acid |
| Watson and Crick | Developed the model of DNA structure. |
| What is the role of DNA in living things? | Carries the code for hereditary information. |
| Where is DNA found in a cell? | chromosome |
| What does a DNA molecule look like? | Twisted ladder or double helix |
| What is deoxyribose? | a sugar found in DNA. |
| What are the nitrogen bases in DNA? | adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine |
| What is DNA replication? | The exact self-duplication of a molecule of DNA. |
| What is a DNA nucleotide? | The repeating subunit of a DNA molecule. |
| What parts make up a DNA nucleotide? | A nitrogen base, a phosphate and a deoxyribose sugar. |
| What nitrogen base always pairs up with adenine? | thymine |
| What nitrogen base always pairs up with cytosine? | guanine |
| What happens at the beginning of DNA replication? | DNA molecule unwinds and "unzips". |
| How does DNA replicate? | Free nucleotides pair up with the complementary bases on each half of the "unzipped" DNA molecule. |
| What are formed by DNA replication? | Two new identical DNA molecules. |
| What parts of the "twisted ladder" DNA model represent the nitrogen bases? | The steps or rungs. |
| What substances make up the "rails" of the "twisted ladder"? | phosphates and deoxyribose sugars. |
| What is a gene? | A segment of DNA containing the information needed to make a specific protein. |
| What is a genetic code? | The order of nitrogen bases along a gene that specifies the sequence of amino acids in protein. |
| How are DNA and RNA similar? | They have cytosine, guanine, and adenine. |
| What is the sugar in RNA? | RIBOSE |
| What nitrogen base does RNA have in place of thymine? | URACIL |
| What is a codon? | A 3-letter code word in a messenger RNA. |
| What is an anticodon? | A 3-letter code word in a transfer RNA. |
| What is the function of the messenger RNA? | It copies the message from the DNA and carries it to the ribosome. |
| What is the function of the transger RNA? | It carries amino acids needed for producing proteins. |
| What is the building block of a protein? | amino acid |
| Where in the nucleus is DNA found? | Chromosome |
