| A | B |
|---|
| proportional representation | gives each party the same percentage of seats they got in the popular vote |
| electoral systems | ways of counting votes and allocating seats in their national legislatures |
| single-member districts | electoral system in which only one representative is chosen from each constituency |
| rule of law | people are governed by clear and fair rules rather than arbitrary |
| civic culture | culture characterized by trust, legitimacy, and limited involvement |
| civil society | web of membership in social and political groups that some analysts believe in needed to sustain democracy |
| Thomas Hobbes | claimed that if people were left to their own devices, the competition would become more intense |
| laissez-faire | economic policy that stesses a limited government role |
| John Locke | claimed the state's role was to protect "life, liberty and property" |
| suffrage | the right to vote |
| cleavages | deep and long-lasting divisions |
| fascism | right-wing regimes, often drawing on racist philosophies |
| legitimacy | concept stressing the degree to which people accept and endorse their regime |
| political party | organization that contests elections or otherwise contends for power |
| left | political groups favoring change |
| nationalization | attitudes that stress the importance of extending the power or support for a nation |
| Christian democratice parties | political parties inspired by Catholic thought and ideas |
| catch-all | political party that plays down ideology in favor of slogans and telegenic candidates |
| members of parliament (MP's) | elected members of the British or other Parliament |
| Greens | political parties that emphasize enviromental and other "new" issues and radical change |
