| A | B |
|---|
| economic sanction | refusal to trade with an offending nation, military force is seen as a last resort |
| Treaty of Versailles | The treaty ending World War I, ratified by European powers only. |
| Militarism | the glorification of armed strength. |
| Mobilization | The organization of a nations resources for combat. |
| Self-determination | Determination by the people of a territorial unit of their own future political status. |
| Armistice | An agreement to stop fighting until a treaty can be drawn up. |
| Battle of Verdun | Germany attacked the French, intending to bleed the French army to death. After 6 mos. of fighting the Germans gave up, losing almost as many men as the French. |
| Unrestricted submarine warfare | Attack without warning. |
| Bolsheviks | Group that seized control of Russia. |
| World Court | The international court of justice, meeting of allies. |
| Lusitania | English boat sunk by Germans with Americans on board. |
| Mensheviks | Moderate socialists. |
| Contraband | War materials supplied to a belligerent nation from a neutral nation. |
| Communism | Economic and political system in which the government owns almost all of the means of production, authoritarian socialism. |
| Battle of the Somme | Battle where there was uncreative strategy and trench warfare at its worst, British overconfident that Germans could not fight after artillery assaults, Germans survied, causing 20,000 British deaths. |
| Zimmerman Telegram | Secret message to Mexico, promising the return of territory lost in the Mexican-American War for help in war against the U.S., intercepted and decoded by the British, enraged the U.S. public. |
| Triple Alliance | Pact among Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. |
| Battle of Chateau-Thierry | Battle where the Allies stopped the Germans from reaching Paris under French General Ferdinand Foch in June, 1918. |
| Von Moltke | German General who modified the original plan to attack France through Belgium by dividing his forces. The Schleiffen Plan might have succeeded if not for these changes. |
| Total War | Strategy that involves targeting the enemy's military and civilian resources. |
| Propaganda | Ideas, facts or rumors spread deliberately to further one's cause or to damage an opposing cause. |
| Fourteen Points | President Wilson's plan based on the Allies' aims to end World War I. |
| League of Nations | Woodrow Wilson wrote its covenant, it had tow main aims 1) to promote international cooperation and 2) to maintain peace by settling disputes peacefully and reducing armaments. |
| Brest-Litovsk | Treaty signed there ending Civil War with Central Powers. |
| Big Four | Wilson, Prime Minister David Lloyd George, Premier Georges Clemenceau, Premier Vittorio Orlando. |
| Lloyd George | British Prime Minister who tried to undo the bad impression the revolutions left behind, he didn't make the Allies promise to accept the 14 points. |
| Vittorio Orlando | Once part of the Big Four. |
| War Guilt Clause | "The Allied and associate governments affirm & Germany accepts the responsibility of Germany and her allies for causing all loss and damage. |
| Mandate | Area to be administered by government of an advanced nation. |
| Battle of Jutland | The only large naval battle of WWI, fought between Germany and Great Britain, result was the German fleet remained bottled up in the Baltic Sea for the duration of the war. |
| Reinsurance Treaty | Treaty between Germany and Russia stating that the other would remain neutral if either became involved in a defensive war. |
| Nationalism | Love of one's country rather than love of one's native region. |
| Imperialism | Domination of a powerful nation over the political, economic and cultural affairs of another nation or region. |
| Triple Entente | Alliance between France, Italy & Russia |
| Congress of Berlin | All the major European powers met and approved the independence of Serbia, Montenegro and Romania in 1878. |
| Ultimatum | Demands that put forth the final terms offered for a settlement. |
| Belligerent | A warring nation. |
| Balkan Powder Keg | Conflicts plagued by Balkans. |
| Gavrilo Princip | Assassin, belonged to the Black Hand, a secret society. |
| Black Hand | One of many secret societies of Serbian nationalists who opposed Austro-Hungarian rule, Gavrilo Princip was a member. |
| Archduke Franz Ferdinand | He was the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne. |
