| A | B |
|---|
| Priniciple of Legality | For punishment, the law must define the crime clearly and the punishment specifically |
| Void-for-Vagueness Doctrine | Statutes must adequately warn individuals and law enforcement officers under due process |
| Equal Protection of the Law | Does not require the government to treat everyone the same |
| Habeas Corpus | Most common collateral attack--does the gov't have the legal authority to incarcerate a prisoner? |
| Collateral Attack | Not an appeal; a petition that challenges authority of court to hear a case or legality of detention |
| Defendant who proceeds wtih a collateral attack | Petitioner |
| Appellate Court | Hears appeals, including the US Supreme Court |
| Appellee | The party or person appealed against |
| Appellant | The party of person filing the appeal |
| Citation | The reference to the published report where a case appears in full |
| Court's holding | The legal rule that the court has decided applies to the facts of the case |
| Court's reasoning | The jusitifications a court gives to support its holding |
| Majority opinion | More than half the judges on the court support the judgement |
| Dissent | Less than half the judges on the court support the judgement |
| Concurring opinion | Justices agree with the judgement, but not the reasons |
| Plurality opinion | A combined majority agree with the judgement, but for different reasons; each group alone represents less than half |
| Affirm | Agree and uphold |
| Reverse | Set prior judgement aside in favor of a new one |
| Remand | Send the case back to trial court for further proceedings |
| Ex post facto Laws | A law passed after the occurrence of the conduct |
