| A | B |
|---|
| responsible for turning, although they can be used for other functions such as tasting, touching, support and as a source of power for swimming. | pectoral fins |
| add stability and are used for slowing some bony fishes. | pelvic fins |
| used for sudden direction changes and acts as a "keel" to keep the fish stable in the water. | dorsal fin |
| responsible for propulsion in most bony fishes. | caudal fin |
| adds stability. | anal fin |
| the external covering on the gills of bony fishes. | operculum |
| gas-filled sac used to control buoyancy in bony fishes. | swim bladder |
| shape is good for hiding in cracks and crevices, but fishes like this do not move very fast. | taeniform |
| shape is good for rover predators, which depend on an ability to strike quickly—often from a hiding place | sagittiform |
| shape that allows the fish to rest on the bottom and hide either using camouflage or by covering itself with a layer of sand. | depressiform |
| shape allows them to move through the water extremely fast | fusiform |
| shape is highly versatile and is probably the most common fish shape. Not a fast swimmer, but capable of sudden bursts of speed | compressiform |
| shape allows a fish to enter and hide in very narrow openings, and also helps the fish resist the force of current | anguilliform |
| shape is "filament-like" | filiform |
| shape is "globe-like" | globiform |
| Mouth used to feed on prey at the water’s surface | superior |
| Mouth used to feed on prey on the sea bottom | inferior |
| Mouth used to seize or bite prey, also can be used for filter feeding | terminal |
| Caudal fin associated with slower swimmers capable of short burst of speed | rounded |
| Caudal fin associated with strong, slow moving fish | truncate |
| Caudal fin associated with fast swimmers who are continuously moving | forked |
| Caudal fin associated with rapidly moving fish | lunate |
| Class Osteichthyes | bony fishes |
| Class Chondrichthyes | cartilaginous fishes |
| placoid | type of scales in cartilaginous fishes |
| spiracles | breathing holes located above the eyes in sharks |
| lateral line | sensory organ that detects vibrations in the water |
| ampullae of Lorenzini | sensory organs that detect electrical signal in the water |
| mermaid's purse | shark's egg case |
