| A | B |
|---|
| How many kilocalories are found in a gram of carbohydrates? | about 4 kilocalories (a.k.a. Calories) |
| How many calories are in a kilocalorie? | 1000 |
| How many kilocalories are found in a gram of protein? | about 4 kilocalories (a.k.a. Calories) |
| How many kilocalories are found in a gram of lipids, such as fat or olive oil? | about 9 kilocalories (a.k.a. Calories) |
| How many ADP can be turned back into ATP using energy from the glycolysis stage? | 2 ATP can be produced for every one molecule of glucose that goes through glycolysis. |
| How many ADP can be turned back into ATP using energy from chemical reactions in the Krebs Cycle? | 2 ATP can be produced for every one molecule of glucose during the Krebs Cycle. |
| How many ADP can be turned back into ATP using the high energy electrons from one molecule of glucose during the electron transport chain? | During the electron transport chain, between 32 and 34molecules of ATP can be produced using the energy of high energy electrons stripped from one molecule of glucose. |
| In which part of the cell do the chemical reactions of glycolysis occur? | In the cytosol (cytoplasm) |
| In which part of the cell do the chemical reactions of the Krebs Cycle occur? | In the mitochondria |
| In which part of the cell do the chemical reactions of the electron transport chain occur? | In the mitochondria |
| Name two different molecules that specialize in stripping high energy electrons from food and carrying the electrons to the electron transport chain. | NADH and FADH2 |
| How many ATP can be recharged using the energy from high energy electrons that are stripped from food molecules during glycolysis and the Krebs Cycle? | Between 32 and 34 ATP can be recharged from these electrons as they pass through the electron transport chain. |
| What is the only stage in cellular respiration that requires molecular oxygen? | The electron transport chain. |
| Why is oxygen needed during aerobic cellular respiration? | Oxygen is needed to take the electrons away after they go through the electron transport chain. If they don't get taken away, the electron transport chain gets clogged with electrons and stops working. |
| How many ATP can be recharged using the energy stored in one molecule of glucose if oxygen is available? | Between 36 and 38 |
| How many ATP can be recharged using the energy stored in one molecule of glucose if oxygen is NOT available? | Only 2 |
| Which of the three stages of cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide as a waste product? | Krebs Cycle |
| Which of the three stages of cellular respiration produces water as a waste product? | The electron transport chain. |
| What is the major difference between aerobic respiration and anaerobic fermentation? | Aerobic cellular respiration requires oxygen while anaerobic fermentation does not. |
| What is the purpose of turning pyruvic acid into alcohol or lactic acid if no oxygen is available? | Allows glycolyis to make more pyruvic acid which allows glycolysis to continue making 2 ATP per molecule of glucose. |
| Which two molecules carry high energy electrons and deposit them into the electrons transport chain? |  |
| What are the two main reactants of cellular respiration? | .,  |
| What are the two main products of cellular respiration? | .,  |
| How many ATP can be generated from one molecule of glucose under anaerobic conditions? | 2 ATP per molecule of glucose can be generated under anaerobic conditions. |
| Glucose is broken down into 2 molecules of ____________ by the end of glycolysis. | pyruvic acid (a.k.a. pyruvate) |
| Where do the NADH's, generated during glycolysis and Kreb's Cycle, dump off their high energy electrons and hydrogen ions? | The NADH's dump off their high energy electrons to the system I proton pump of the electron transport chain. However, if the electron transport chain is backed up due to lack of oxygen, pyruvic acid from glycolysis will accept the electrons and hydrogen to form lactic acid. This way, NAD+ can be regenerated and used to keep glycolysis running. |
What is the name of this organelle?,  | mitochondria, |
| What are the folds in the membrane referred to by the letter E called?, | Cristae, |
| What is the area labeled D called?, | The matrix, |
| What is the area labeled C called?, | Intermembrane space, |
| What is letter A pointing to?, | The outer membrane of the mitochondrion., |
| What is the letter B pointing to?, | The inner membrane of the mitochondrion, |
| What is the area labeled F called?, | That would be the cytosol of the cell., |
| Where would the proteins involved with the electron transport chain be located?, | B, |
| Where would the Kreb's Cycle take place?, | D, |
| Where would glycolysis take place?, | F, |
| Where would protons (hydrogen ions) be building up due to being actively transported during the electron transport chain?, | C, |
| What do yeast and bacteria usually produce when they break down food under anaerobic conditions?, | alcohol (and carbon dioxide), |
Which letter indicates where aerobic cellular respiration takes place?,  | B, |
| Which letter refers to where glycolysis and fermentation take place?, | I, |
| What does letter B refer to?, | a mitochondrion, |
| What does letter I refer to?, | The cytosol, |
| What happens to carbon dioxide that you generate inside cells during cellular respiration? | The carbon dioxide will diffuse out of the cell and enter the bloodstream. The bloodstream will pass the lungs where it will allow the carbon dioxide to diffuse into the lungs. From there, it is exhaled. |
| What do humans produce if they are not getting enough oxygen to process their food aerobically? | Lactic acid |
| A method for getting energy out of food that produces lactic acid or alcohol when no oxygen is available. | Fermentation |
| What is the overall chemical equation for aerobic cellular respiration? |  |
| The overall chemical equation for cellular respiration is the exact OPPOSITE of the overall chemical equation for _____. | photosynthesis (The reactants of cellular respiration are the products of photosynthesis and visa versa). |
