| A | B |
|---|
| amino acid | the basic building blocks of protein |
| carbohydrate | class of organic nutrients that supplies the body with its major energy |
| chemical digestion | process that breaks down large molecules of food into different, smaller molecules that can be absorbed by the body's cells; takes place in the mouth, stomach and small intestines |
| chyme | thin watery product that is the result of digestion |
| digestion | mechanical and chemical process that breaks down food into small molecules so they can be used by the body's cells |
| enzyme | specific proteins that regulate almost all chemical reactions in cells without being changed themselves |
| fat | class of organic nutrients that provides energy and helps the body absorb some vitamins; may be saturated or unsaturated |
| food group | foods that contain the same nutrients; for example, milk, yogurt, and cheese |
| mechanical digestion | process that occurs when food is chewed and mixed in the mouth and churned in the stomach |
| minerals | inorganic nutrients that regulate many chemical reactions in the body |
| nutrients | substances in food that provide energy and materials for cell development, growth, and repair |
| peristalsis | this is a wave of muscular movement that pushes food through the digestive system |
| proteins | large organic molecules that are made up of amino acids and that are needed for growth and repair of body cells |
| saliva | watery, enzyme containing fluid in the mouth that is mixed with food during digestion |
| villi | fingerlike projections in the small intestine where nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream |
| vitamin | water-soluble or fat-soluble essential, organic nutrients that are need in small quantities to help regulate body functions |
