| A | B |
|---|
| periodic law | the physicl and chemical properties of the elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers |
| group | columns of elements that have similar but not identical properties, they have the same number of valence electrons |
| family | columns of elements with similar but NOT identical properties, they have the same number of valence electrons |
| period | horizontal row of elements that are NOT alike in properties at all |
| metal | 88 elements of the periodic table are classified as this |
| luster | physical property of a metal that deals with appearance, shininess |
| ductile | physical property of a metal which means that it can be drawn out into thin wires |
| malleable | physical property of a metal which means it can be hammered into thin sheets |
| corrosion | chemical property of a metal which is the gradual wearing away of the metal due to a chemical reaction where the metal is changed into a metallic compound |
| nonmetal | the elements to the right of the zigzag line on the table, fewer elements belong here |
| metalloid | elements that exist right along both sides of the zigzag line that have properties of both metals and nonmetals |
| alkali metal | elements in Family 1, they have 1 valence electron, like to lose 1 electron; examples: Li Na k rb Cs Fr |
| alkaline earth metal | elements in Family 2, they have 2 valence electrons, like to lose 1 electron; examples: Be Mg Ca Sr Ba Ra |
| transition metal | a group of elements that do not fit into any other family, they may have 1 o 2 valence electrons, can lose 1 or 2 electrons or will share them; examples: Fe Co Ni Cu Ag Au Zn Cd Hg |
| boron family | elements in Family 13, they have 3 valence electrons; examples: B Al Ga In Tl |
| carbon family | elements in Family 14, they have 4 valence electrons; example: C Si Ge Sn Pb |
| nitrogen family | elements in Family 15, they have 5 valence electrons and they like to share them; examples: N P As Sb Bi |
| oxygen family | elements in Family 16, they have 6 valence electrons and like to share them; example:O S Se Te Po |
| halogen family | elements in Family 17, they have 7 valence electrons and will either share them or gain 1 from another element; examples: F Cl Br I At |
| noble gas | elements in Family 18, these are all gases and are normally unreactive, can also be called the inert gases; examples: He Ne Ar Kr Xe Rn |
| rare-earth element | the two rows of elements found at the bottom of the periodic table; 2 series |
| lathanoid series | first row of rare-earth elements, soft, malleable metals that have a high luster and conductivity; used in industry to make various alloys andhigh-quality glass |
| actinoid series | the second row of rare-earth elements, radioactive and are synthetic (man-made) |
