| A | B |
|---|
| homeostasis | process of trying to maintain a constant internal environment |
| hormone | proteins that serve as chemical messengers |
| nerves | responsible for delivering electrical messages to cells |
| stimulus | initiates a feedback response |
| control | part of feedback system that monitors/detects changes in the internal environment |
| effector | actions that try to change the stimulus |
| feedback | information that is used to maintain the internal environment |
| negative feedback | information that stops or reverses an action |
| positive feedback | information that intensifies the action |
| endocrine system | produces and secretes hormones |
| endocrine | type of gland that secretes hormones directly into the bloodstream |
| paracrine | secretes hormones into the adjacent tissues |
| synaptic | secretes hormones into the gap between nerve cells |
| protein | type of macromolecule that hormones are |
| target cells | the cells that hormones are trying to influence |
| hypothalamus | portion of brain that controls body temperature |
| pituitary gland | secretes ADH |
| insulin | causes cells to take up blood sugar |
| pancreas | secretes insulin |
| parathyroid gland | secretes PTH to raise calcium levels |
| kidney | changes water content in blood |
| liver | stores glycogen |
| glycogen | forms from sugar |
| glucogan | converts glycogen back into sugar |
| ADH | stimulates water resorption |
| PTH | raises calcium levels |
| calcitonin | lowers calcium levels |
| erythropoietin | stimulate production of new RBCs |
| hypoxia | condition in which cells are dying due to a lack of oxygen |
