| A | B |
|---|
| genotype | genetic makeup of an organism, ex TT, Tt, or tt |
| phenotype | what an organism looks like - ex red or tall |
| allele | form of a gene |
| gene | sequence of DNA that codes for a trait |
| homozygous | both alleles are the same, ex TT or tt |
| heterozygous | the alleles are different, ex Tt |
| dominant | trait that is expressed when two different forms of the genes are present |
| recessive | trait that is masked when two forms of the gene are present |
| heredity | passubg if characteristics from parent to offspring |
| genetics | the branch of biology that focuses on genetics |
| Mendel | first to develop rules and accurately predict patterns of heredity |
| monohybrid cross | cross with one trait |
| dihybrid cross | cross with two traits |
| P generation | pure breeding parent generation |
| F1 generation | offspring of the P generation |
| F2 generation | offspring of a self fertilized F1 generation |
| Punnett square | diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross |
| probability | likelihood that a specific event will occur |
| polygenic inheritance | many genes influence a trait, ex height |
| incomplete dominance | when two different alleles are present, the offspring have a phenotype inbetween that of each present |
| co-dominance | when two different alleles are present both traits are expressed equally, ex group AB blood |
| multiple alleles | genes have three or more different alleles |
