| A | B |
|---|
| Thomas Edison | Inventor of the light bulb and electric power |
| Alexander G. Bell | Inventor of the telephone |
| Henry Ford | The assembly line which made cheap, dependable cars affordable for most Americans in the 20's |
| Chief Joseph | Led his Nez Pierce tribe on a 1000 mile journey to avoid being sent to a reservation. In the end he had to give up. |
| Battle of the Little Big Horn | Battle won by the indians against Custer |
| Booker T Washington | President of Tuskeegee Institute. Believed vocational education would bring equality for African Americans. Accepted separation of the races. |
| WEB DuBois | One of the founders of NAACP. Believed in full civil, social and political rights for African Americans. Did not accept segregation. |
| Jane Addams | Founder of Hull House in Chicago. A settlement house providing social services to immigrants. |
| Susan B. Anthony | Led the fight for women's suffrage |
| John D. Rockefeller | Captain of Industry. Using ruthless business methods, created the Standard Oil Company Corporation which monopolized oil refining. |
| Andrew Carnegie | Captain of Industry. Created a monopoly in steel using ruthless business methods. |
| Theodore Roosevelt | Progressive and President of the US. Successfully limited many monopolies, established National Parks and Food and Drug safety regulation. |
| Samuel Gompers | Union leader and founder of American Federation of Labor |
| Homestead Steel Strike | Violent strike at Carnegie's Homestead, PA steel mill. Workers were unable to get the reforms they needed at this time. |
| Woodrow Wilson | President during World War I. Wanted to prevent future wars by establishing a "League of Nations" but the US Senate refused to join because it was afraid joining would involve us in future wars |
| Franklin D. Roosevelt | President whose "New Deal" programs gave the nation courage through the Great Depression and whose leadership during World War II helped the Allies win. |
| Herbert Hoover | President at the time of the stock market crash who was blamed for not doing enough to help the Great Depression |
| David Sarnoff | Impresario producer of radio during the 20s and 30s. Head of RCA |
| Guglielmo Marconi | Inventor of the "wireless" or radio |
| Thomas Edison | Inventor of the light bulb who started General Electric and brought power for labor saving appliances throughout the US |
| John Steinbeck | Authorof The Grapes of Wrath which made the public aware of the dust bowl and the plight of the "Okies" during the 30s |
| F. Scott Fitzgerald | Author of The Great Gatsby which described the 20s as the "Jazz Age" |
| Langston Hughes | Poet and writer of the Harlem Renaissance |
| Georgia O'Keefe | Painter of the Southwest in the 20s and 30s |
| Jacob Lawrence | Painter during the 40s who painted the Great Migration North of African Americans and the Harlem Renaissance |
| Louis Armstrong | Jazz trumpet player during the Hralem Renaissance famous for his gravelly voice |
| Duke Ellington | Band leader and founder of modern jazz during Harlem Renaissance |
| George Gershwin | Composer of classical music using jazz and blues elements such as "Rhapsody in Blue" |
| Aaron Copland | Composer of "Billy the Kid" and "Appalachian Spring" |
| Bessie Smith | Singer of the Harlem Renaissance during the 20s and 30s famous for her singing of the "Blues" |
| Harry Truman | President after World War II. Establish policy of Containment. Desegregated the military. |
| Joseph Stalin | Leader of the Soviet Union. Communist dictator. Ally during World War II. Opponent during Cold War. |
| Benito Mussolini | Fascist dictator of Italy, an Axis power and US opponent during World War II. |
| Adolph Hitler | Fascist dictator of Germany, an Axis power and US opponent during World War II. |
| Hideki Tojo | Fascist Minister of War in Japan, an Axis power and US opponent during World War II. |
| Winston Churchill | Prime Minister of Great Britain, an allied power during World War II. |
| Eleanor Roosevelt | Strong supporter of equality and civil rights for women and African Americans as FDR's First Lady and first US Delegate to the United Nations. |
| Rosa Parks | Refusal to give up her seat results in the Montgomery Bus Boycott |
| Martin Luther King | Leader during Civil Rights Movement who advocated passive resistance or non-violent civil disobedience |
| Plessy v. Ferguson | 1896 Supreme Court decision that "separate but equal" facilities are constitutional |
| Brown v. Board of Education | 1954 Supreme Court decision that segregated schools are inherently unqual and are therefor unconstitutional |
| Non-violent Protest Methods | Sit-ins, Freedom Riders, Boycotts, Marches |
| NAACP | National Association for the Advancement of Colored People led the legal fight for civil rights |
| Civil Rights Act of 1964 | Banned discrimination in public places, in hiring and voting |
| Voting Rights Act of 1965 | Banned voter qualification tests such as poll taxes and literacy tests. Also allowed Federal registration of voters in states practicing unfair voter registration. |
| Title IX (Title 9) | Forced colleges to give women equal opportunity in athletics (sports). |
| NOW | National Organization for women fought for equal pay, jobs, opportunity for women |
| Equal Rights Amendment | Failed but focused attention on the need for equality for women |
| Segregation | Separation of the races |
| Integration | Mixing of the races |
| Social isolation, separate and unequal facilities, education and resources | Effect of segregation |
| Jim Crow Laws | Laws passed after the Civil War to enforce segregation |
| Ku Klux Klan | Organization formed after the Civil War to enforce white supremacy through intimidation and harassment |
| SCLC | Southern Christian Leadership Conference organized and led Civil Rights protests throughout the South |
| Malcolm X | Advocated for a more militant approach to civil rights and the use of force if necessary |
| Thurgood Marshall | Argued successfully against separate but equal. Became a supreme court justice. |
| Freedom Riders | Rode integrated buses through the south to promote integration |
