| A | B |
|---|
| Peninsulares | Highest social class in the Americas |
| Cavaliers | Supporters of the King in Eng Civil War |
| Roundheads | Supporters of Parliament in Eng Civil War |
| 30 Years War | Fought in Germany over religion |
| Edict of Nantes | Granted religious tolerance to Huguenots (French Protestants) |
| Divine Right | Authority to rule comes from God |
| Huguenots | French Protestants |
| genocide | the deliberate mass murder of a particular racial, political, or cultural group |
| Balfour declaration | British decalaration of support for a homeland for the Jews |
| Pan-Africanism | All Africans are one people |
| Realpolitik | Politics based on strictly practical thought of the needs of the state |
| Sphere of Influence | An area in which an outside power claimed exclusive investment or trading privlidges |
| Protectorate | Local rulers are left in place but must follow orders of the stronger country |
| Berlin Conference | Divided up Africa between European countries |
| Boer War | War in South Africa between Dutch settlers and the British |
| Sepoy | Indian troops who worked for the British East India Co. |
| British East India Company | British company that ran much of India |
| Indian National Congress | Fought for Indian independence |
| Boxer Rebellion | Sought to get foreigners out of China |
| Meiji Restoration | Made Japan much more modernized |
| Suez Canal | Taken over from the Egyptians by the British |
| Humanism | Concerns w/ worldly affairs |
| 95 Theses | Arguement against practices of the Catholic Church |
| Peace of Augsburg | Let people choose between Protestantiam and Catholicism |
| indulgences | Forgiveness of sin. They were sold for money. |
| The Inquisition | Church court set up to fight heresy |
| Jesuits | Society of Jesus - Christain Missionaries |
| Geneva | Calvinist city-state |
| Usury | Lending money and charging interest |
| Faith | What Luther said you need for salvation |
| excommincated | To be kicked out of a religion / church |
| Bolsheviks | group of revolutionaries led by Lenin |
| totalitarianism | government that has total control over people's lives |
| command economy | market in which government makes all the decisions |
| collective farm | large, government owned, agricultural settlement |
| great purge | arrest, exile, or killing of thousands of suspected enemies of the Communist Party |
| Long March | escape of Communists (Mao Zedong) to safety after being surrounded by Nationalist (Chaing Kai Shek) forces |
| civil disobedience | disobeying the law for purpose of achieving some higher goal |
| Triangle Trade | Trade pattern that brought African slaves to the Americas |
| Columbian Exchange | Exchange of goods between Europe and the Americas |
| mercantilsm | Sell more than you buy |
| Middle Passage | Leg of the Triangle Trade between Africa and the Americas |
| Moluccas | Spice Islands |
| encomienda | Right of the Spanish to force natives to work |
| Triangular Trade | Raw materials for money for slaves |
| Mercantilism | Export more than you import |
| First Estate | Consisted of the Church and the clergy |
| Second Estate | Consisted of the nobles |
| Third Estate | Consisted of the Bourgeoise and peasants |
| Bourgeoise | Middle class |
| The Storming of the Bastille | King's guards open fire on Paris mob. Beginning of French Rev |
| Reign of Terror | Many French people executed |
| Napoleon | French Emperor |
| Congress of Vienna | Balance of Power |
| Waterloo | Napoleon is defeated! |
| guillotine | Machine used for executions |
| Elba | Island where Napoleon was exiled (and escaped) |
| Napoleonic Code | Set of laws uniform across France |
| Scientific Method | Observation & Experimentation |
| Laissez Faire | No government interference in the economy |
| Militarism | a policy of glorifying military power and keeping a standing army always prepared for war. |
| Triple Alliance | a military alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy in the years preceding World War I. |
| Triple Entente | a military alliance between Great Britain, France, and Russia in the years preceding World War I. |
| Schlieffen Plan | Germany's military plan at the outbreak of WWI, according to which German troops would rapidly defeat France and then move east to attack Russia. |
| Central Powers | in WWI, the nations of Germany and Austria-Hungary, along with the other nations that fought on their side. |
| Allies | in WWI, the nations of Great Britain, France, and Russia, along with the other nations that fought on their side; also, the group of nations-including Great Britain, the Soviet Union, and the U.S.-that opposed the Axis Powers in WWII. |
| Western Front | in WWI, the battleline along the France-German border |
| Trench Warfare | a form of warfare in which opposing armies fight each other from trenches dug in the battlefield. |
| Eastern Front | in WWI, the battleline along the German-Russian border |
| Unrestricted Submarine Warfare | the use of submarines to sink without warning any ship (including neutral ships and unarmed passenger liners) found in an enemy's waters. |
| Total War | a conflict in which the participating countries devote all their resources to the war effort. |
| Fourteen Points | a series of proposals in which U.S. president Woodrow Wilson outlined a plan for achieving a lasting peace after WWI. |
| Treaty of Versailles | the peace treaty signed by Germany and the Allied powers after WWI. |
| League of Nations | an international association formed after WWI with the goal of keeping peace among nations. |
| reparation | money paid by a defeated nation to compensate for damage or injury during a war. |
| Enclosure | Fencing off land for more efficient farming |
| Cottage industry | Work carried out in the home of the worker |
| Socialism | Everyone owns the means of production and shares equally in the profits |
| Communism | The Proletariat will takes control from the Bourgeoisie |
| Urbanization | Movement of people to cities |
| Proletariat | The working class |
