| A | B |
|---|
| elaboration of the majority decision | concurring opnion |
| chief justice of the Supreme Court | John Roberts. He is a conservative. George W. Bush appointed him |
| courts-martial | military courts. these courts are NOT part of the regular justice system |
| one may not receive jail time in a | civil case |
| civil court case examples | patent infringement, civil rights, public property, labor issues |
| who appoints federal court justices | president |
| who approves federal court appointees | senate |
| Clinton appointed 2 justices | Stephen Breyer and Ruth Bader Ginsburg |
| judicial review asserted by the Supreme Court in this case | Marbury v Madison |
| Supreme Court has the final authority to determine the constitutionality of a government action | judicial review |
| Marbury v. Madison did not issue a writ of mandamus b/c | the supreme court cannot hear a case for the first time. it has appellate jurisdiction |
| the written reason a justice submits for why he/she did not agree with the majority opinion | dissenting opinion |
| inferior courts | lower federal courts. 2 kinds--constitutional and special courts |
| supreme court's decision | majority opinion |
| when a lower court asks the supreme court advise on a matter that is unclear | certificate |
| created b/c the Supreme Court was swamped with appeals cases and needed to lower the number of cases petitioned to the Supreme Court | appeals court |
| even if you are found not-guilty in a criminal case you can still have a | civil case (OJ Simpson) |
| most common way for a case to make it to the supreme court | writ of certiorari--lower courts send up previous decisions and the supreme court looks at the constitutional issue (s) |
| civilian tribunal | appeals for the military. this IS appealed in the JUSTICE system and not within the military system |
| you are only appointed an attorney for this kind of case | criminal |
| jurisdiction | the right to hear and decide a case |
| person who files a civil law suit | plaintiff |
| supreme court justice's term length | life or retirement. they are paid for life |
| can the president remove a justice if he/she doesnt like the way a judge is deciding cases | NO!!!!! Judges cannot be removed except through impeachment and that means they have to do something unconstitutional |
| concurrent jurisdiction | the state court system and the federal court system share jurisdiction to hear a case |
| before Gideon v. Wainwright, defendants only got appointed attorneys in what kind of court cases | capital punishment cases |
| Gideon v. Wainwright | outlines the right to government appointed councel |
| main effect of the Dred Scott decison | started the civil war |
| when the supreme court makes a decision for other court cases to follow so that cases will not need to come to the supreme court this is called | precedent |
| Ruth Bader Ginsburg | only female. liberal |
| supreme court today is | conservative b/c 7 of the 9 justices were appointed by Republican presidents and only 3 justices are moderate |
| additional money awarded to the plaintiff in order to punish the defendant for wreckless actions | punitive damages |
| Clarence Thomas | only black Supreme Court Justice |
| which case comes first--civil or criminal | criminal |
| how many justices were appointed by a Democrat | 2 |
| two sourt systems in America | state courts and federal courts |
| original jurisdiction | case heard for the first time |
| appellate jurisdiction | case heard after the first decision |
| in forma pauperis | in the form of a pauper--a poor person--this is the way Gideon petitioned the Supreme Court b/c he didnt have the money to petition the court in the correct way |
| how many justices are on the supreme court | 9 |
| highest court in the land | supreme court |
| how many state supreme courts are there | 50 |
| the judicial branch is the most powerful branch because of | judicial review--says that the court has the final authority on constitutional issues and acts of government |
| why do we not refer to justices as republican or democrat | they are not constitutionally allowed to show favor to a particular political party. they are to be unbias or nonpartisan. they are to hear each case with an unbias mind and decide each case as it arises. presidents cannot fire justices just because they dont like how they vote b/c the justices are not Republican or Democrat and in no way do they swear to vote a certain way. we call them moderate, conservative or liberal BASED ON HOW THEY VOTE on the court cases |
