| A | B |
|---|
| The type of inheritance where neither allele is dominant and they tend to produce a mix of the two traits such as blue + white = light blue would be _____. | incomplete dominance |
| The type of inheritance where both alleles are dominant, such as red fur + white fur = red and white fur hairs in roan cattle is known as ____. | codominance |
| The type of inheritance where there is more than two alleles for a single trait, such as A, B, and O alleles for blood type, is known as ____. | multiple alleles |
| If your genotype for blood type is IA,IA, what is your blood type? | type A |
| If your genotype for blood type is IA,i, what is your blood type? | Type A |
| If your genotype for blood type is IB,IB, what is your blood type? | Type B |
| If your genotype for blood type is IB,i, what is your blood type? | type B |
| If your genotype for blood type is IA,IB, what is your blood type? | Type AB |
| If your genotype for blood type is ii, what is your blood type? | Type O |
| Genes that are located on the 23rd pair of chromosomes (but only on the X, not the Y chromosome) are known as ____. | sex-linked genes |
| If you have an X and a Y chromosome, what is your gender? | male |
| If you have two X chromosomes, what is your gender? | female |
What are the expected blood types of the offspring of this cross? (Change the A's to IA's, the B's to IB's and the O's to i's),  | 25% type AB blood, 25% type A blood, 25% type B blood, 25% type O blood,  |
| How would you set up a Punnett Square for a cross between a heterozygous blood type A male and a heterozygous blood type B female? | (Change the A's to IA's the B's to IB's and the O's to i's), |
In humans, colorblindness is a sex-linked recessive allele. What are the expected phenotypes of the offspring if both parents have normal vision but the mother is heterozygous?,  | 100% normal vision girls and 50% of the boys are expected to be colorblind.,  |
| How would you set up a cross between a male with type AB blood and a female with type O blood? (The A stands for IA, the B's stand for IB and the O stands for i) | (Change the A's to IA's the B's to IB's and the O's to i's),  |
| What are the expected blood types of the offspring and what are the odds of each? (Change the A's to IA's the B's to IB's and the O's to i's), | 50% of the offspring are expected to have type A blood and 50% are expected to have type B blood. All offspring will be heterozygous. Remember that the O allele is recessive.,  |
| A trait, like human skin color, that involves several different genes is called a(n) _____. | polygenic trait (remember, "poly" means many and "genic" refers to genes) |
The following diagram is an example of a(n) ___.,  | pedigree chart, |
| Different forms of the same gene are called _____. | alleles |
| Which law states that the two alleles for a heritable character separate during gamete formation and end up in separate gametes? | The Law of Segregation |
| A dihybrid cross between 2 individuals that are heterozygous for two independently assorting characterisitics (such as seed color and seed shape), produces the classic ________ ratio. | 9:3:3:1 ratio,  |
| Which law states that each pair of alleles segregate independently of other pairs during gamete formation? When is this law not true? | Law of independent assortment. This law does not hold true if the alleles for two different characteristics are located on the same chromosome. |
| New alleles for a gene are formed by _________ that survive the ________ process. | mutations, natural selection |
The following picture is an example of a ______.,  | karyotype, |
| Humans have ____ autosomes and ____ sex chromosomes in a normal karyotype. | 44, 2, |
| Humans have 44 __________ and 2 _________ in a normal karyotype. | autosomes, sex chromosomes |
| Give three examples of disorders caused by sex-linked inheritance. | color-blindness, hemophilia, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy |
| Females usually inactivate one of their X chromosomes, turning it into a _______. | Barr body |
| Abnormal number of chromosomes in a human's karyotype are caused by a problem in separating chromosomes properly during meiosis called ___________. | nondisjunction,  |
| ______ is a condition in which a person is born with 3 copies of a homologous pair instead of the usual two. | Trisomy (The person below has trisomy-21, otherwise known as Down Syndrome, because of their extra chromosome at the 21st pair.),  |
| Trisomy-21 (see picture below) causes __________ ., | Down syndrome (The picture below shows a child with Down syndrome. People with Down syndrome have characteristic features of eyes wide apart, heavy eyelids, below average height, and below average (but not always) intelligence. Other complications lead to a lower than average life-expectency),  |
| A person who inherits only one X chromosome and no Y chromosomes will be a _____ with ______ syndrome. | female with Turner's syndrome (they are sterile, with their sex organs not developing at puberty) |
| A person with two X and one Y chromosome is a _____ with _____ syndrome. | male with Klinefelter's syndrome (usually sterile with poor muscular development) |
| Both Turner's and Klinefelter's syndrome involve an abnormal number of sex chromosomes. This is caused by _____ during meiosis. | nondisjunction, |
| During which process would nondisjunction occur? | meiosis,  |
| If a certain species of flower has a codominant inheritance pattern for flower color and a red flower was pollinated by a white flower, the offspring would a flower that is _____. | both red and white (Remember, with codominance, both traits, in this case red and white, show up in the heterozygous form) |
| If a certain species of flower has an incomplete inheritance pattern for flower color and a red flower was pollinated by a white flower, the offspring would a flower that is _____. | pink (Remember, the traits blend in incomplete dominance) |
