| A | B |
| bog | low swampy lands |
| communist state | country in which the government has strong control over the economy and society |
| acid rain | rain containing chemical pollutants |
| pope | head of the Roman Catholic Church |
| landlocked | having no access to the sea |
| nomad | people who move from place to place, often with herds of animals |
| spa | health resort with hot mineral springs |
| privatize | factory ownership transfers from the government to the individual citizens |
| consumer goods | products made for people to use themselves |
| ethnic cleansing | forcing people from other ethnic groups to leave their homes |
| refugee | person who must flee to another country to escape danger or disaster |
| masque | Muslim house of worship |
| steppe | gently rolling, partly wooded plain |
| potash | mineral used in fertilizer |