| A | B |
|---|
| informal plan | a loose collection of thoughts about how to do something |
| formal plan | a well thought out, written description about how to do something |
| descriptive plan | states what is to be achieved and how |
| organization | consists of people whose specialized tasks are coordinated to contribute to the company's goals |
| organizing | is concerned with accomplishing tasks most effectively and arranging resources to complete all necessary work |
| planning | the process of deciding what objectives to follow in the future and what to do to achieve those objectives |
| specialization | occurs when work is given to those people who can best accomplish the tasks |
| strategy | an organization's long-term plan for meeting its objectives |
| mechanical environment | tasks are specific and top managers primarily make decisions |
| organic environment | decisions are made through empowerment and networking |
| departmentalization | the process of grouping jobs into related work units or activities |
| functional departmentalization | the department's work activities are grouped around basic functions like production, marketing, finance, or human resources |
| product departmentalization | includes all the activities necessary to produce and market a product or service |
| geographic departmentalization | refers to organizations that are physically spread out over several states or countries |
| customer departmentalization | focuses on customers and their needs |
| motivation | a set of factors that influence and individual's actions towards accomplishing a goal |
| standards | serve as points of reference for judging the company's performance |
| implementing | involves guiding employees' work toward achieving the company's goals |
| control | knowing what is occurring in comparison to preset standards or objectives |
| feedback system | matches inputs (information) to outputs (results) |
