| A | B |
|---|
| Organic compounds | derived from living things and contain carbon. |
| Inorganic compounds | derived from nonliving things. |
| polar compound | a compound that has an uneven electrical charge. |
| capillarity | the ability to spread through fine pores or to move upward through narrow tubes against the force of gravity. |
| Polymers | compounds consisting of repeated linked units. |
| Monomers | each unit in a polymer. |
| Macromolecules | large polymers. |
| Condensation reaction | the reactants give off a hydrogen ion and a hydroxide ion and they form a water molecules. |
| Hydrolysis | a water molecule splits into a hydrogen ion and a hydroxide ion. |
| Carbohydrates | organic molecules composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of 2-hydrogen atoms to every 1 oxygen atom. |
| monosaccharide | a carbohydrate that contains a 1:2:1 ratio of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. |
| dissacharide | a carbohydrate that is two monosaccharides combined through condensation. |
| polysaccharide | a carbohydrate composed of three or more monosaccharides. |
| Lipid | organic compound that contains a larger number of carbon and hydrogen atoms than oxygen atoms. |
| Fatty acids | monomers that make up lipids. |
| hydrophilic | water loving |
| hydrophobic | water fearing |
| triglyceride | a lipid consisting of three molecules of fatty acids joined with one molecule of gycerol. |
| wax | a lipid consisting of a long fatty acid chain joined to a long alcohol chain. |
| steroid | a lipd consisting of four carbon rings |
| Proteins | organic compounds composed of nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. |
| Proteins | formed from the linkage of monomers called amino acids. |
| amino acids | monomers that form proteins. |
| dipeptide | two amino acids bonded together. |
| peptide bond | a covalent bond between the amino acid and the carboxyl group of another. |
| polypeptide | a long chain of amino acids. |
| enzymes | proteins that act as catalysts in intermediary metabolism. |
| substrate | the reactant in a chemical reaction that is catalyzed by the enzyme. |
| Nucleic acids | organic molecules that store information in the cell. |
| DNA | Deoxyribonucleic acid |
| RNA | Ribonucleic acid |
| nucleotides | made up of a phosphate group, a 5-carbon sugar, and a ring shaped nitrogen base. |
