| A | B |
|---|
| latitude and longitude lines | define absolute location |
| compass rose | indentifies map orientation |
| scale | determines how measurement on map corresponds to measurement on earth |
| map | visual representation of geographic information |
| problem with maps? | distorted representation of earth's surface |
| mercator projection | used for ship navigation |
| polar projection | used for airline navigation |
| robinson projection | data representation |
| What is the impact of environment? | shapes culture and lives of societies |
| Where and when did homo Sapiens emerge? | Africa; 100,000 to 400,000 years ago |
| nomads | migrate (move) in search of food |
| Keys characteristics of Paleolithic Age (Old Stone Age)? | nomadic;invented first tools;fire; lived in clans;developed oral language and cave art |
| neolithic revolution | change from hunt/gather to agricultural |
| Characteristics of Neolithic Era? | agriculture;domesticated animals;used advanced tools;made pottery, developed weaving skills |
| archaeologists | find and interpretevidenc of early humans and thier lives by locating and analyzing remains, fossils, artifacts |
| carbon dating | measures carbon levels in artifacts and fossils, and dates age |
| Stonehenge | site in England begun in Neolithic, finished in Bronze Age |
| Where were the first permanent settlements | fertile crescent/ Mesopotamia/land between 2 rivers- Tigris and Euphrates |
| Why were river valleys important to the development of civilizations | provides rich solis for crops; protects from invasions |
| What civilization emerged in the Nile River Valley and Delta? | Egyptian |
| What two rviers served as home to Mesopotamian civilization? | Tigris and Euphrates |
| Where did Indian civilization first emerge? | Indus River Valley |
| Where did Chinese civilization first emerge? | Huang He River Valley |
| Where did the Hebrews originally settle? | between the Mediterranean Sea and Jordan River |
| Where did the Phoenicians settle? | Mediterranean Coast |
| Where was the Kindom of Kush? | Upper Nile in Africa |
| Dynasty | ruling system where pwer was passed down through families |
| City-state | city and the surrounding land it controls |
| Code of Hammurabi | first written law code created by Babylonian ruler |
| What did most Ancient River Valleys use to make waepons? | Bronze |
| Who was the first civilization to use iron for weapons? | Hittites |
