| A | B |
|---|
| ghazis | Warriors for Islam, similar to knights in Europe |
| infidels | People who do not believe in Islam |
| Osman | A successful ghazi who built a small state on Anatolia, which began the Ottoman Empire |
| Ottoman Empire | The Turkish empire on Anotolia that would become Turkey |
| sultan | "overlord" or "one with power" |
| Timur the Lame | A Samarkand from central Asia who claimed to be descended from Genghis Khan. He ferociously conquered Russia, Persia, No. India,and halted the expansion of the Ottoman empire |
| Mehmet II | The Ottoman ruler who attacked and conquered Constantinople making the Hagia Sophia a Mosque and renamed the city Istanbul |
| Selim the Grim | This Ottoman ruler killed all male family members to ensure his safe succession to the throne. He is known for conquering the territory from Persia to Arabia to Egypt |
| Suleiman I | The ruler who brought the Ottoman empire to its peak size and granduer.He conquered Hungry and Austria and much of No. Africa. He established an efficient government and social stucture. |
| Janissaries | An elite force of the sultan's slaves known for their loyalty and who ran the government and military |
| devshirme system | the process of taking boys from conquerered territories, educating them, converting them to Islam, and training them to be soldiers |
| millets | Christian and Jewish communities treated as separate nations allowing each to follow its own religious laws and practices |
| Sinan | Architect of Suleiman who built the Mosgue of Suleiman |
| cultural blending | the interaction between culures that leads to mixing of cultural characteristics like language, religion, and government. |
| Safavid empire | Shi'i Muslims who were located in modern Iran and persecuted by the Ottomans |
| Ismail | The Safavis military leader who conquered all the Persian empire, but persecuted non-shi'i muslims |
| Shah Abbas | He led the golden age of the Safavids |
| shah | king |
| Mughal empire | An empire set up in India by muslim foreigners |
| rajputs | Indian leaders of small kingdoms |
| Babur | The Uzbekistan/Tajikistan leader who built an army and swept into India laying the the foundation of the Mughal empire |
| Akbar | He was a Muslim who believed in religious tolerance and abolished taxes on non-muslims, created a fair tax policy, issued land grants, held a strong army, and allowed culture to flourish |
| jizya | tax on non-Muslims |
| Jahangir | Akbar's son who was a weak ruler and allowed his wife to rule India |
| Nur Jahan | Jahangir's wife who was the real ruler from 1611-1622. She ensured her continued power by choosing the best son to rule |
| Sikhs | A nonviolent religious group whose ideas were a blend of Buddhism, Hinduism, and Sufism |
| Shah Jahan | He was Known for building a lovely momunment to his dead wife while his country was suffering with famine |
| Taj Mahal | The tomb built by shah Jahan for his dead wife |
| Aurangzeb | The third son of Shah Jahan who came to power. He brought Mughal territories to their greatest size, strictly enforced Islamic laws, showed no religious tolerance and oppresssed all non-Muslims |
