| A | B |
|---|
| spheres of influence | area of one country under the control of another |
| “Open Door” policy | granted equal trade opportunities to all countries |
| Boxer Rebellion | a fanatical antiforeign secret society known as Harmonious Righteous Fists (aka “Boxers”) killed thousands of foreigners and Chinese Christians. |
| Panama Canal | canal across 40 mile wide land joining North and South America to eliminate the hazardous voyage around South America |
| Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty | granted U.S. ten mile strip of land across Panama in “perpetuity” on the same terms earlier rejected by Colombia. |
| Roosevelt Corollary | Roosevelt declared that “chronic wrongdoing” in Latin American nation would justify U.S. intervention |
| Big Stick Policy | Big Stick Policy |
| dollar diplomacy | Foreign policy of Taft administration focused on advancing American commercial interests abroad |
| Russo-Japanese War | surprise Japanese attack destroyed Russian ships anchored at Port Arthur, Manchuria |
| gentlemen’s agreement | Tokyo pledged to halt Japanese emigration to America. |
| Great White Fleet | Roosevelt ordered 16 gleaming U.S. battleships on a “training operation” to Japan |
| Woodrow Wilson | entered White House in 1913, first Democratic president in 16 years. He criticized Republican predecessors’ expansionist policies |
| Lusitania | a British ship carrying Americans, drew America into WWI |
| Sussex Pledge | , Berlin pledged not to attack merchant vessels without warning. |
| Zimmerman Telegram | Germany sent a telegram to Mexico trying to get Mexico to ignite a war with U.S. in return, they can get back all the lands they lost to U.S. |
| John J. Pershing “Black Jack”. | led American Expeditionary Force (AEF) |
| Food Administration | ran by Herbert Hoover -oversaw the production and allocation of wheat, meat, and sugar to ensure adequate supplies for the army as well as for desperately food-short Allies |
| Committee on Public Information | headed key wartime propaganda agency |
| Creel Committee | publicized the government’s version of events and discredited all who questioned that version |
| Schenck vs. U.S | Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., justified such repression in cases where a person’s exercise of the First Amendment right of free speech posed a “clear and present danger” to the nation |
| Fourteen Points | crusade for a democratic world order |
| Treaty of Versailles | forced upon a sullen Germany delegation. Germany was to take full blame because everyone hates them and they were of the four losing powers, they were the most powerful and the most scariest. |
| League of Nations | new international organization, embodied Wilson’s vision of a liberal, harmonious, and peaceful world order. |
| Henry Cabot Lodge | signed a letter rejecting the League in its form |
| Irreconcilables | who opposed the League absolutely. |
| Reservationists | demanded amendments to League covenant as a condition of their support. |
| Article 10 | pledged members nation to preserve the political independence and territorial integrity of all other members |
