| A | B |
|---|
| Robert E. Lee | general in charge of the Confederate Army |
| Ulysses S. Grant | general in charge of the Union Army |
| ease tensions between the parties | reason Lincoln appoint members of his rival party to his cabinet |
| April 12, 1861 - April 9, 1865 | date of the start and end of the war |
| cotton diplomacy | strategy used by South to try to gain foreign support particularly from Britain |
| skilled military leaders, fought on home soil | advantages of South |
| slavery, election of Lincoln, South thought that the government wasn't addressing their needs and strong state loyalties in the south | 4 causes of the Civil War |
| Appomattox Courthouse | town in which Lee surrendered to Grant |
| Fort Sumpter | one of the most important federal outposts inthe South and where the war started |
| separated the federal capital of Washington from the North | reason Maryland was important as a border state |
| dominated key stretches of the Ohio and Mississippi | reason that Kentucky and Missouri were important as border states |
| Battle of Antietam | bloodiest single-day battle in U.S. history |
| Battle of Gettysburg | turning point of the Civil War |
| Siege of Vicksburg | event in which a southern town was not given reinforcements for 6 weeks |
| contrabands | escaped slaves |
| William Sherman | led a campaign against southern railroads and industry |
| Robert Anderson | Union commander who refused to leave Fort Sumpter |
| Irvin McDowell | led the soldiers for the Union in the First Battle of Bull Run |
| Union soldiers fired on a Confederate raiding pary | event that triggered the Battle of Gettysburg |
| cut Confederates off from supplies | reason Union leaders wanted control of the Mississippi |
| Battle of Pea Ridge | battle in which Union forces defeated pro-Confederate Missourians |
| Emancipation Proclamation | called for slaves in areas that were rebelling against the Union to be freed |
| Copperheads | northern Democrats who opposed the war |
| Second Battle of Bull Run | battle in which Jackson's troops distracted Pope while Lee's forces overcame the Union from the other side |
| Andersonville | prison with the worst conditions during the Civil War |
| 1st Battle of Bull Run | first major battle of the Civil War which proved that the war would be longer than expected |
| total war | Union tactic used in the March to the Sea Campaign in which an army destroys its opponent's ability to fight by targeting military as well as civilian and economic resources |
| 620,000 | number of people that lost their lives in the Civil War |
| capture Richmond | reason Lincoln sent Union troops back into Virginia in the spring of 1862 |
| Lincoln didn't believe in slavery, was against secession and was against war unless he was attacked forst | Lincoln's views on slavery, secession, and war |
| ironclads | heavily armored ships introduced by the Confederacy |
| Fort Sumpter | important federal outpost in the south that the Union forces surrendered to the Confederates |
| border states | The states Delaware, Kentucky, Missouri and Maryland which were located between the north and the south |
| Stonewall Jackson | General that forced the Union troops to retreat at the First Battle of Bull Run |
| Gettysburg Address | Lincoln's speech which spoke about what Gettysburg meant to the soldiers who fought there and to the Union |
| Robert E. Lee | turned down President Lncoln's request to take command of Union forces |
| secession of 7 states and Republican Party was deeply divided | crisis that occurred before Lincoln took office but he had to deal with when he entered office |
| larger population, better railways, most factories were located in the North and more shipyards to build naval boats | 4 advantages of the North in the Civil War |
| West Virginia | state that was created after President Lncoln sent troops into western Virginia requesting that they not fight for the Confederacy |
| naval blockade to cut off southern seaports; gain control of Mississippi, agressively attack the the south | main points of the nothern fighting strategy |
| defend itself on its own land, seize Washington and win support from Britain(cotton diplomacy) | Souths War Strategy (3 things) |
| 54th Massachussetts Infanty | 1st African American troop who saw combat and helped capture Fort Wagner |
| withdrew constitutional protection against unlawful imprisonment | way that Lincoln silenced "the Copperheads" |
| Stonewall Jackson | killed by friendly fire at the Battle of Chancellorsville |
| British already had a stockpile of cotton and could get more from Egypt | reason the Cotton Diplomacy failed |
| said he wouldn't abolish slavery in the south and wouldn't go to war with the south unless they started it | promise lincoln made to the South in his inaguaral address about slavery and war |
| sent bandages, medicines and food to Union army camps and hospitals | function of the U.S. Sanitary Commission |
| they thought they would win easily | Northern expectations about the war |
| Battle of Bull Run | first major clash of Union and Confederate armies which resulted in a confederate victory |
| hesitant, slow to act | General McClellan's leadership style |
| he was against slavery and secession but supported the South anyway | Robert E. Lee's view on slavery and secession |
| Antietam | Lee's 1st offensive move on Union soil |
| break northern morale and persuade Europe to aid South | reason Lee made an offense move on Union soil |
| Lee lost many troops and his northward advance was stopped | reason Battle of Antietam was important for the union |
| blockade | action of surrounding an area with soldiers or ships to stop people or supplies leaving or entering |
| blockade runners (small fast vessels) | how the South tried to break the Union blockade |
| changed naval warfare, wooden ships were no longer used | significance of the ironclad |
| gain conrol of the Mississippi | Union strategy in the West |
| Ulyssees S. Grant | most important figure in the western theater of war |
| theater | A large geographic area in which military operations are coordinated |
| Union got control of the Mississippi | significance of the Union victories at Fort Henry, Fort Donelson, and Shiloh |
| sailed past confederate forts | how David Farragut successfully conquered New Orleans |
| Vicksburg | Union victory that gave the Union control of the Mississippi River |
| surrounded it for 6 weeks and cut off supplies | how the Union won control of Vicksburg |
| ate horses, dogs and rats | how the citizens of Vicksburgs survived the Union siege |
| siege | surrounding a town and cutting it off from supplies |
| hoped Confederate leaders would give them more independence and some Indians were slave holders | reasons the Cherokee supported the Confederacy |
| Northern prejudice against African Americans might weaken public support for the war if it became a Union goal and he didn't have the constitutional authority to abolish slavery on his own | concerns Lincoln had about emancipation |
| he didn't have the constitutional authority to abolish slavery in states under Union control | reason Lincoln issued a military order about emancipation |
| didn't want to upset them because they supported the North | reason Lincoln didn't free slaves in the border states |
| he wanted to do it from a position of strength | reason Lincoln waited for a Union victory to issue the Emancipation Proclamation |
| Antietam | battle that allowed Lincoln to issue the Emancipation Proclamation |
| military | responsible for enforcing the Emacipation Proclamation |
| started a draft | way that the south and north dealt with their shortage of soldiers |
| riots | reaction to draft in the North |
| protests and armed resistance | reaction of draft in the South |
| showed progress toward a victory | reason the capture of Atlanta helped President Lincoln witn the Election of 1864 |
| Sherman's march to the sea | Sherman's march from Atlanta, Georgia to Savannah, Georgia |
| feed Lee's troops, let them keep their horses, his troops would not be tried for treason | Lee's terms of surrender |
| Reconstruction | process of reuniting the nation and rebuilding the southern states in the absence of slavery |
