| A | B |
|---|
| Herman Hollerith | invented tabulating machine for a contest by the Census Bureau |
| ABC and ENIAC | 1st generation computers |
| binary number system/machine language | 0s and 1s |
| ASCII | developed to allow interchange of information between computers |
| mainframe computer | large, usually for multi-user applications |
| netiquette | network etiquette, be considerate of other people's beliefs and opinions |
| network | allows computers to exchange data and to share applications software and devices |
| inkjet | uses an ink cartridge to place very small dots of ink onto paper to create characters and graphics |
| Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz | mathematician who invented the Stepped Reckoner that was supposed to add, subtract, multiply and divide |
| Mark I | completed by IBM and Harvard University, used mechanical telephone relay switches to stoer information and accepted data on punched cards |
| ENIAC | Electronic Numerical Integration and Calculator, was originally a secret military project, contained vaccum tubes |
| Microcomputers/personal computers | a computer that fits on a desktop |
| input devices | devices from which the computer can accept data. A keyboard, disk drive, or mouse are input devices |
| memory | ICs inside the base unit that store data electronically |
| CPU | in IC inside the base unit that processes data and controls the flow of data between the computer's other units. |
| Output devices | devices that display or store procdessed data. Monitors and printers are the most common visual output devices |
| Software | instructions stored as electronic data tells the computer what to do |
| RAM | temporary memory where data and instruction can be stored |
| ROM | read only memory, data that is a permanent part of the computer and cannot be changed |
| bit | a single 0 or 1 in a binary code |
| byte | a group of 8 bits |
| laser printer | uses a laser and toner to generate characters and graphics on paper |
| scanner | uses a laser to create a digital image from artwork such as photos and drawings |
| peripheral devices | devices attached to the PC |
| Program | list of instructions written in a special language that the computer understands |
| Server | a computer on the network of the internet that provides information |
| Wide Area Network | a network that connects computers over a long distance |
| Wireless Networks | transmission media that uses high frequency radio waves or infrared signals to transmit data |
| Star Topology | connects each node of a network to a hub, which is a device that joins communication lines at a central location on the network |
| Removable hard drive | drive used to read and write data to a removable disk |
| Network interface card | a circuit board in the base unit of a networked computer |
| Twisted-pair wiring | consists of pairs of insualted strands of copper twisted around each other to form a cable |
| Internet | a worldwide network of computers that is not controlled by any one organization. |
| Routers | devices that can connect different vetwork technologies together |
| coaxial cable | made up of a central copper wire, a layer of insulation, a braided metal shield, and an outer shield |
| fiber optic cable | composed of a bundle of thin strands of glass or plastic fibers that transmits data onto light waves. |
| ring topology | connects each node to form a closed loop |
| Local Area Network | LAN, a network used to connect devices within a small area such as a building or a campus |
| Network Arhcitecture | includes the type of computers on the network and determines how newtwork resources are handled |
| client/server | consists of a group of computers, called clients, connected to a server. |
