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Autonomic Nervous System

Terminology, receptors, and effects

AB
Cranio-Sacral outflowParasympathetic Nervous System
Thoraco-Lumbar outflowSympathetic Nervous System
GanglionCollection of nerve cell bodies outside the CNS
NucleiCollection of nerve cell bodies within the CNS
Pre-ganglionic parasympathetic nerve fiberscholinergic fibers
Pre-ganglionic sympathetic nerve fiberscholinergic fibers
Post-ganglionic parasympathetic nerve fiberscholinergic fibers
Post-ganglionic sympathetic nervefibersadrenergic fibers (mostly)
sweat secretionstimulated by sympathetic CHOLINERGIC fibers
SA nodepredominantly controlled by Vagus n.(cholinergic)
peripheral vascular smooth musclecontracted by sympathetic (adrenergic) fibers
bronchial smooth musclesconstrict upon parasympathetic (cholinergic) stimulation
bronchial smooth musclesdilate upon sympathetic (adrenergic) stimulation
atropinecompetitive blocker at mAChR
curarinecompetitive blocker at nAChR
mACh receptorsfound at cholinergic synapses of smooth muscles
mACh receptorsfound at cholinergic synapses of exocrine glands
mAChRstimulation will increase (exocrine) glandular secretions
mAChRblockade will decrease (exocrine) glandular secretions
nACh receptorsfound at neuro-muscular junction (NMJ)
Meuro-muscularJunction (NMJ)a cholinergic synapse
nAChRfound in the end-plate region of skeletal muscles
nAChR stimulationwill increase skeletal muscle tone
overstimulation of nAChRcan cause 'muscle spasms'
nicotinestimulates AChR at NMJ and in autonomic ganglia
muscarinestimulates mAChR in smooth muscles and exocrine glands
alpha-adrenergic receptorspredominate in the peripheral vascular smooth muscle
alpha-adrenergic receptor stimulationwill cause vasoconstriction and increase BP
beta-adrenergic receptor stimulationwill cause vasodilation in peripheral vasculature
beta-adrenergic receptor stimulationwill result in positive ino-tropic effect on myocardium
alpha-adrenergic receptor stimulationin SA node will cause positive chrono-tropic effect on heart
beta-adrenergic receptor blockerswill decrease myocardial force of contraction and reduce cardiac output
alpha-adrenergic receptor blockerswill prevent sympathetic vasoconstriction and reduce BP
beta-adnergic receptor stimulationwill cause broncho-constriction
ACh Esterase (AChE)foundin ALL cholinergic synapses
AChEhydrolyzes the ester bond in acetylcholine
AChE inhibitionwill increase synaptic transmission at ALL cholinergic synapses
AChE inhibitorswill cause salivation, lacrimation, urination, and defecation
sphincter muscles of irisconstricted by parasympathetic stimulation
radial muscles of iriscontracted by sympathetic stimulation


V.C. Ravikumar, Ph.D.

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