| A | B |
|---|
| functional group | a specific arrangement of atoms in an organic compound that is capable of characteristic chemical reactions |
| alkyl halide | CH3CH2CH2CH2I |
| substitution reaction | the reaction of chlorine with ethane to produce ethyl chloride and hydrogen chloride |
| aryl halides | a class of organic compounds in which one or more halogen atoms are joined to a carbon of an arene ring |
| hydration reaction | the addition of water to an alkene |
| fermentation | the production of ethanol from sugars by the action of yeast or bacteria |
| alcohols | a class of organic compounds whose structures contain an-OH group |
| addition | the reaction of HBr with propene to form 1- bromopropane |
| hydrogenation | the reaction of hydrogen with butene to form butane |
| dehydrogenation reaction | the loss of hydrogen |
| esters | a derivative of carboxylic acids in which the -OH of the carbonyl group has be replaced by an -OR from an alcohol |
| ketones | organic compounds in which the carbon of the carbonyl group is joined to two other carbons (RCOR) |
| fatty acids | long continuous-chain carboxylic acids isolated from fats |
| carboxyl group | a group of atoms that consists of a carbonyl group attached to a hydroxyl group |
| polymer | a large molecule formed by the covalent bonding of repeating smaller molecules |
| addition polymer | polypropylene |
| condensation polymerization | requires that there be two functional groups on each monomer molecule |
| Kevlar | a tough, flexible, and flame-resistant condensation polymer used to construct bullet-proof vests |
| aldehyde | organic compound in which the carbon of the carbonyl group is always joined to at least one hydrogen (RCHO) |
| carbonyl group | functional group composed of a carbon atom with a double covalent bond to an oxygen atom (-C=O) |
| carboxylic acid | an organ compound containing a carboxyl group (R-COOH) |
| denatured alcohol | ethanol with a substance added to make it toxic |
| ether | a compound in which oxygen is bonded to two carbon groups (R-O-R) |
| halocarbon | class of organic compounds containing covalently bonded fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine |
| hydroxyl group | the functional group consisting of an oxygen atom covalently bonded to a hydrogen atom (-OH) |
| monomers | smaller molecules combined to form a polymer |
