| A | B |
|---|
| calorie | the quantity of heat that raises the temperature of 1 g of pure water by 1°C |
| joule | the SI unit of energy |
| exothermic | a process that loses heat to the surroundings |
| molar heat of solution | the heat absorbed or released by the dissolution of 1 mole of substance |
| molar heat of fusion | the heat absorbed by 1 mole of a substance in melting from a solid to a liquid at a constant temperature |
| calorimeter | a device used to measure the amount of heat absorbed or released during chemical or physical processes |
| enthalpy | the heat content of a substance |
| energy | the capacity to do work or to supply heat |
| Hess's law of heat summation | two or more thermochemical equations give a final equation, their heat changes can be added for the final heat change |
| endothermic reaction | a chemical change in which heat is absorbed |
| heat capacity | the amount of heat required to change the temperature of an object by exactly 1°C |
| law of conservation of energy | In any chemical or physical process, energy is neither created nor destroyed |
| heat of reaction | the heat absorbed or released by a chemical reaction |
| specific heat | the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance 1°C |
| heat | energy that always flows from a warmer object to a cooler object |
| standard heat of formation | the change in enthalpy that accompanies the formation of 1 mole of a compound from its elements, with all substances in their standard states at 25°C |
| calorimetry | the precise measurement of the heat flow into or out of a system for chemical and physical processes |
| chemical potential energy | energy stored in the chemical bonds of a substance |
| heat of combustion | heat of reaction (enthalpy change) for the complete burning of one mole of a substance |
| molar heat of condensation | heat released when one mole of vapor condenses at the normal boiling point |
| molar heat of solidification | the heat lost when one mole of a liquid solidifies at a constant temperature |
| molar heat of vaporization | the amount of heat needed to vaporize one mole of a liguid |
| surroundings | everything else in the universe minus the system being focused on |
| thermochemical equation | a chemical equation that includes the enthalpy change |
| system | the part of the universe on which a scientist focuses their attention |
| thermochemistry | the study of energy changes that occur during chemical reactions and changes of state |
