| A | B |
|---|
| militarism | the building of weapons and the training of men for war |
| alliances | agreements among nations for mutual support and protection |
| Serbia | desired a southern Slavic nation and wanted territory from Austria-Hungary |
| Triple Alliance | Austria-Hungary & Germany & Italy |
| Triple Entente | France & Great Britain & Russia |
| June 28, 1914 | Archduke Ferdinand was killed in Sarajevo |
| Francis Ferninand | Archduke and heir to throne of Austria-Hungary |
| Gavrilo Princip | Serbian nationalist who shot Ferdinand |
| Count Leopold Beechtold | Foreign Minister of Austria-Hungary-He held the Serbians responsible for the assassination of Ferdinand |
| William II | German Kaiser during World War I |
| "Blank Check" | said Germany would back Austria-Hungary |
| ultimatum | A set of conditions that must be met to avoid consequences |
| July 28, 1914 | Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia |
| mobilization | calling troops and transporting them and equipment in preparation for war |
| World War | alliances and imperialism create a global conflict - no clear objectives |
| Central Powers | Germany & Austria-Hungary & Ottoman Empire & Bulgaria |
| Allied Powers | Great Britain & France & Italy & Serbia & Romania & Greece & Albania & Portugal & U.S. |
| new weapons of war | tank-airplane-u boat-machine gun-poison gas |
| Schlieffen Plan | war strategy developed by German general-knock out France quickly-then go to Eastern Front |
| Battle of the Marne | Germans were stopped 19 miles outside of Paris |
| Battle of Tannenberg | Germans destroy the Russian army in Poland |
| trench warfare | stablized lines from Switzerland to the North Sea-each side dug in |
| "No man's land" | area between trenches-place of death |
| Western Front | line fo fighting between Russia and Germany (stagnant) |
| Eastern Front | line of fighting between Russia and Germany (more mobile) |
| Gallipoli | British invasion of the Ottoman Empire-trememdous loss of Allied soldiers |
| unrestricted submarine warfare | Germans set up a zone around Britain and sank ships of all nations entering those waters |
| Lusitania | British passenger ship sunk by Germans-killing 1200 civilians-123 Americans |
| Sussex Pledge | Germany would end unrestricted submarine warfare |
| Woodrow Wilson | President during World War I |
| Zimmerman Note | Germany telegram to Mexico-Germany attempted to get Mexico involved in war with U.S. |
| April 2, 1917 | U.S. declares war on Germany |
| reasons why U.S. entered WWI | luistania-unrestricted submarine warfare-Zimmerman Note-popular support-Russia's withdrawl-"safe for democracy" |
| Russian Revolution | 1917-revolt against czarist rule-massive army desertions |
| Nicholas II | czar during WWI-overthrown during the Russian Revolution |
| Provisional Government | temporary government after Nicholas abdicated the throne |
| Alexander Kerensky | Prime Minister of the Provisional Government |
| Bolesheviks | communists-radicals-advocated complete political and economic change |
| Vladimir Lenin | leader of the Bolesheviks |
| "Peace, Land, Bread" | promises the Bolsheviks made to the Russian people |
| November 1917 | Bolsheviks stage a coup-provisional government overthrown |
| Treaty of Brestlitovsk | March 1919-Russian withdraws from WWI-many territorial concessions |
| War Communism | the seizure by the state of all private property-totalitarian government-absence of free choice |
| Russian Civil War | Communists versus everyone opposed to the Bolsheviks(1918-1922) |
| White Army | opposed the Communists-supported by Allied Pwers who wanted Russia back in WWI-lost |
| Red Army | Communists-won the war-"Campaign of Terror" |
| Leon Trotsky | head of the Red Army-educated soldiers-taught them to fight for a cause |
| John J Pershing | leader of the U.S. - troops in Europe |
| American Expeditionary Force | U.S. Army in Europe during WWI(over 2 million U.S. soldiers sent to Europe) |
| T.E. Lawrence | British officier "Lawrence of Arabia"-led Arabs in a guerilla war against the Ottomans |
| Ferdinand Foch | 1918-French general-unified command-leader of all Allied troops in WWI |
| Gereral Hindenburg | German Field Marshall-WWI |
| armistice | an agreement to cease hostilities - not a peace treaty |
| Fourteen Points | Woodrow Wilson's plan for peace following WWI-peace plan rejected by Allies |
| Georges Clemenceau | France |
| David Lloyd George | Great Britain |
| Vittorio Orlando | Italy |
| major provisions of the TReaty of Versailles | responsibility-reparations-de-militarization-buffer zone-Weimar Republic-League of Nations |
| reparations | war damages $33 billion |
| buffer zone | Rhineland |
| Weimar Republic | democratic government set up by Allies |
| League of Nations | international peace keeping body-U.S. did not join |
| Polish Corridor | strip of land running from Poland to the Baltic Sea-divided Germany from East Prussia |
| mandates | European nations given responsibility for new nations in Middle East by the League of Nations |
