| A | B |
| Observing | The use of one or more of the five senses to perceive objects or events. |
| Collecting Data | The gathering and recording of specific information based on observations |
| Measuring | Measuring is the process of determining the dimensions of an object, the number of objects in a group, the duration of an event or other characteristics in precise units. |
| Organizing Data | Placing observations and measurements into some kind of logical order, such as in a graph, chart, table, or map |
| Classifying | The process of grouping objects, organisms, or phenomena into an established organizational scheme, or developing a new organizational scheme. |
| Hypothesizing | The process of forming testable statements about observing phenomena |
| Predicting | Stating in advance the result that will be obtainded from testing a hypothesis |
| Experimenting | The process of testing a hypothesis or predicition by carrying out data gathering procedures under controlled conditions |
| Analyzing Data | The process of determining whether data are reliable and whether they support or refute a given prediction or hypothesis |
| Inferring | The process of drawing conclusions on the basis of facts or premises instead of direct perception |
| Modeling | Constructing a representation of an object, a system, or a process that helps show relationships between data. |
| Communicating | Is essential to progress in science |