| A | B |
|---|
| R v Graham | Gave us the 2 part test for duress |
| R v Singh | Threats of blackmail are not enough for duress |
| DPP for NI v Lynch | threats against property are not enough |
| R v Coles | D must be forced to commit a specific offence |
| R v Hegarty | vulnerability is not a relevant characteristic when asking if the reasonable man would have acted this way |
| R v Bowen | low IQ is not a relevant characteristic when asking if the reasonable man would have acted this way but age and sex might be |
| R v Hudson & Taylor | D cannot plead duress if he'she had a chance to avoid the threatened consequences |
| R v Sharpe | D cannot plead duress if he/she voluntarily joined a violent gang |
| R v Howe | D cannot plead duress if the crime committed is murder |
| R v Gotts | D cannot plead duress if the crime committed is attempted murder |
| R v Willer | First case that confirmed existence of Duress of circumstances |
| R v Martin | confirmed that the test for duress of circumstances is the same as for duress by threats |
| R v Pommell | dures of circumstances is not just a defence against motoring offences |
| R v Dudley & Stephens | (Ship wreck case) duress of circumstances or necessity cannot be a defence to murder |
