| A | B |
|---|
| Scientific Revolution | spread of new scientfic ideas through Europe in the 1600s |
| Copernicus | first claimed that earth was not center of universe |
| before death | Copernicus waited to publish ideas; feared Church Inquisition |
| Copernicus's 4 "radical ideas" | sun = center of universe; earth rotates on axis; earth circles sun; earth is round |
| Kepler | supported ideas of Copernicus; proved with math |
| Kepler's planetary ovals | ellipses |
| hypothesis | theory which attempts to explain facts |
| Galileo | used telescope; observed moons circling Jupiter |
| Catholic scientist forced to recant | Galileo |
| recant | to take back a statement which you have made |
| Pope Urban VIII | led Church in opposing new scientific ideas |
| Sir Francis Bacon | British; father of scientific method |
| Rene Descartes | father of analytic geometry; |
| "I think; therefore, I am." | statement of Descartes; also Socrates |
| Galen | ancient Roman scientist; held incorrect ideas |
| Sir Isaac Newton | law of gravity; developed calculus; ideas led to steam engine |
| Vesalius | studied human anatomy by experimentation |
| resurrectionist | name given to grave-robbers; helpful for anatomy studies |
| Hooke | discovered the cell |
| Pare | discovered stitching wounds & healing ointment |
| natural law | a universal moral law that could be understood by applying reason |
| Thomas Hobbes | feared chaos; had little faith in people |
| People do not have right to overthrow a poor ruler | idea of Hobbes |
| John Locke | idea of "consent of the governed" |
| thought it was okay to overthrow a poor ruler | John Locke |
| Thomas Jefferson | follower of Locke; author of Dec. of Independence of USA |
| hearsay | repeating gossip in court; illegal |
| tortured confessions | no longer legal in court |
| pacifism | refusal to use violence in any form |
| deism | belief in an impersonal God who is non-involved in daily life |
| philosopher | "seeker of wisdom" |
| philosoph | a French philosopher |
| Montesquieu | recommended 3 branches of govt. & check and balances |
| executive branch of govt. | runs day to day government |
| legislative branch of govt. | law-making body of government |
| judicial branch of govt. | court system of government |
| Voltaire | strong proponent of freedom of speech |
| Rousseau | social critic; idea of noble savage |
| will of majority should rule | idea of Rousseau |
| enlightened monarch | King/Queen who sought to serve his/her people |
