| A | B |
|---|
| bedrock | layer of rock beneath the soil |
| chemical rock | non-clastic sedimentary rock formed by evaporation |
| chemical weathering | involves changes in chemical makeup of rocks |
| clastic rocks | sedimentary rock formed from fragments of rocks |
| cleavage | tendency of minerals to break along smooth surfaces |
| compression | type of stress that squeezes rocks together |
| crust | surface layer of the earth |
| crystal | atoms or molecules arranged in a repeating pattern |
| density | amount of matter in a given space |
| erosion | products of weathering are moved from one place to another |
| extrusive rock | rock formed from lava |
| fossil | the preserved remains of an ancient organism |
| gemstone | mineral that is cut and polished for decoration |
| hardness | the ability of a mineral to resist being scratched |
| igneous | formed from molten rock |
| inorganic | not from living organisms |
| intrusive | rock formed from magma |
| lava | molten rock at earth's surface |
| luster | the way light reflects from a rock's surface |
| mechanical weathering | weathering that does not involve chemical changes |
| metal | element that is shiny, conducts electricity and heat and is easily shaped |
| metamorphic | changes in form as a result of chemical reactions, heat, and/or pressure |
| mineral | naturally occuring, inorganica solid that has definite chemical composition and crystal structure |
| ore | mineral rock that is economically useful |
| organic rock | sedimentary rock formed from material that was once living |
| oxidation | oxygen chemically combines with another substance |
| rock cycle | continuous changing of rocks from one kind to another |
| rock | hard substance formed from minerals |
| sediment | particles of rock or organic matter carried and deposited by wind or water |
| sedimentary | formed by compacting and cementing of sediments at the earth's surface |
| stable rock | composed of minerals that resist chemical weathering |
| streak | color of powder left by a mineral |
| weathering | breaking down or rocks at the earth's surface |
