| A | B |
|---|
| Mucosa | Mucous membrane that lines the interior of the digestive system |
| Sphincters | ring-like muscular valves at junctions between segments |
| Ducts | Openings into digestive system leading from certain organs that allow secretions of important digestive chemicals |
| Oral Cavity includes... | Teeth, tongue, salivary glands |
| Function of Teeth | Crushing and grinding food into smaller pieces, increasing exposed surface area of food for easier dissolving. |
| Function of Tongue | Crushes food, mixes it with saliva, pushes food to back of mouth for swallowing. |
| Function of Saliva | Contains mucin, neutralizes acids in mouth, is antibacterial, contains salivary amylase |
| FO Mucin | protects lining of mouth from abrasion, lubricates food for swallowing |
| FO Salivary Amylase | enzyme that starts breaking the bonds of polysaccharides |
| Pharynx contains... | throat, epiglottis |
| FO epiglottis | blocks windpipe while food is being swallowed |
| FO Esophagus | carries food from pharynx to stomach by peristalsis |
| FO Stomach | Secretes gastric juice (Hydrochloric acid, Pepsin) |
| FO Hydrochloric Acid | dissolves connective material that holds meat and plant cell materials together |
| FO Pepsin | Begins to break down proteins (not totally into amino acids) |
| Gastric Ulcer? | when stomach lining is eroded by acids faster than it can reproduce (which is does quickly) |
| Heartburn? | When acid chyme (digestive mix) flows back into lower esophagus |
| FO Small Intestine1 | TO continue breaking down food into molecules |
| FO Small Intestine 2 | To let nutrients be absorbed into blood stream |
| Where is Duodenum? | first 25cm of SI |
| FO Duodenum | Further digestion mainly occurs, receives secretions from liver, pancreas, gall bladder |
| Liver Secretes... | Bile (stored in gall bladder) which aids in degestion of fats |
| Pancreas/Intestinal Wall Secrete... | Pancreatic Amylase, disaccharidases, trypsin, chymotrypsin, aminopeptidase, dipeptidase |
| FO Pancreatic Amylase | further breaks down poly-, di-saccharides |
| FO Disaccharidases | enzymes that break down disaccharides (Sucrase-sucrose, maltase-maltose, lactase-lactose) |
| FO Trypsin/Chymotrypsin | break down proteins into even smaller pieces |
| FO Aminopeptidase, Dipeptidase | break proteins into amino acids |
| FO Villi | to increase surface area of inside of SI. where nutrient molecules are absorbed into blood stream |
| FO Microvilli | even smaller folds on villi which have same purpose |
| FO Large Intestine | Reabsorbs water into body, collects digestive wastes and transfers them to rectum and anus |
| Feces? | pushed along LIby peristalsis |
| Bacteria in LI... | Responsible for gases produced in LI, produce vitamin K (used in body) |
| FO Rectum | end of LI, stores feces until ready to be eliminated |
| Anus | feces from rectum are eliminated out of anus |
