| A | B |
|---|
| Buckling | Failure caused by bending, giving way, or crumpling due to excessive force |
| Centroid | A point whose coordinates are the averages of the corresponding coordinates of a given set of points and which for a given plane or three-dimensional figure (as a triangle or sphere) corresponds to the center of mass of a thin plate of uniform thickness and consistency or a body of uniform consistency having the same boundary. |
| Compression | The effect of a force which tends to shorten an object in the direction of the force. Such a force is called a compressive force, and the object it acts on is said to be in compression. For example, the towers of a suspension bridge are in compression. |
| Deflection | A measure of deformation of a structure due to applied loads. |
| Modulus of Elasticity | The slope of the line in the linear elastic region created by the stress on the object divided by the strain |
| Moment of Inertia | An indication of the stiffness of a particular shape. The higher the moment of inertia, the less the deflection. |
| Reaction | Reactions are passive forces that are induced at the supports of a structure. |
| Shear | Force that acts parallel to the surface of the material. |
| Strain | The elongation of a material under stress divided by the material’s length prior to stress; symbol e, “epsilon.” |
| Stress | A material’s internal resistance to force; symbol s, “sigma”; calculated by dividing the force in the material by the area of the material that is subjected to the force. |
| Tension | A situation in which force is applied to an object that stretches, expands or lengthens the object. |
