| A | B |
| conquistador | name for the Spanish explorers who claimed land in Americas for Spain |
| cultural convergence | the contact and interaction of one culture with another |
| caudillo | a Latin American military dictator |
| pampas | a grasslands region in Argentina and Uraguay |
| cay | a small, low island or coral reef |
| coral | the rocklike skeletons formed by the remains of tiny sea animals |
| tropical storm | a storm with winds of at least 39 miles per hour |
| hurricane | a destructive tropical storm that forms over the Atlantic Ocean, usually in late summer and early fall, with winds of at least 74 miles per hour |
| El NiƱo | a warm ocean current off South America's northwestern coast that influences global weather patterns |
| canopy | the upper most layer of a forest where tree branches meet |
| mestizo | a person of mixed European and Native American heritage |
| mulatto | a person of mixed African and European ancestry |