| A | B |
|---|
| psi | pounds per square inch |
| kinetic theory of matter | all matter is made up of particles |
| kinetic theory of matter | all particles have an attraction |
| kinetic theory of matter | all paricles are in constant motion |
| solid | definite shape, definite volume |
| crystals | in solids, when the particles are arranged in repeating geometric sequences |
| amorphous solids | when some matterials appear solid, but aren't made up of crystals |
| liquid | undefined shape, defined volume |
| viscosity | the property a fluid has to resist flowing, the difference between syrup and water |
| diffusion | how fast a fluid spreads itself out and disperses energy into another fluid |
| gas | undefined shape, undefined volume |
| pressure | the amount of force exerted per unit of area |
| plasma | gas but particles have an electric charge; excited gas |
| thermal expansion | occurs in all states, increasing temp causes increased KE, causing the particles to jump around faster |
| evaporation | occurs at surface of a liquid, occurs below boiling point |
| boiling | occurs everywhere at boiling point |
| sublimation | when a solid changes directly to a gas- and vice versa- without going through the liquid state |
| condensation | takes place when a gas changes to a liquid |
| heat of fusion | the amount of energy needed to change a solid to a liquid (KJ) |
| heat of vaporization | the amount of energy needed to change a liquid to a gas (KJ/Kg |
| Pascal | unit for measuring pressue (Pa=N/m squared) |
| average height of a mercury barometer | 30 inches |
| Boyles' law | P and V vary, m and T constant |
| Charles' law | T and V vary, m and P constant |
| absolute zero | -273 degrees celcius |
| Gay-Lussac | P and T vary, m and V constant |
| Archimedes' principle | the buoyant force on an object is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object |
| Pascal's principle | states that pressure applied to a fluid is transmitted unchanged throughout the fluid (hydraulics) |
| Bernoulli's principle | as the velocity of a fluid increases, the pressure exerted by the fluid decreases, Venturi effect (buoyant force < W= sink, buoyant force = W=float |
