| A | B |
|---|
| Assination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary in Bosnia. | Began WWI |
| secret alliances | System of ____ pulled many nations into the Great War. |
| Central Powers | Germany and Austria-Hungary |
| Allied Power | Russia, France, Britain, U.S. |
| massive deaths | Effect of machine guns, hand grenades, artillery shells, poison gases, and tanks. |
| dead men | Offensive orders produced mounting piles of _________. |
| trench warfare | Best descriptor of warfare in WWI. |
| stalemate | Due to modern firepower, defensive forces could stop advances quickly leading to _______. |
| neutral | Most Americans wanted to be ______. |
| preparedness | Some Americans wanted _________ in addition to neutrality. |
| peace | Suffragists supported the ___ movement after the outbreak of war in Europe. |
| made neutrality difficult | Ethnic ties to Europe, trade and loans to the Allies, and pro-Allied sympathies. |
| democratic | Most Allied nations were _________. |
| u boats | Effective military method used by Germans in WWI that helped draw in the U.S. |
| Lusitania | British liner sunk by Germans killing 128 Americans. |
| unrestricted submarine warfare | Describes Germany's use of subs in WWI. |
| cut transatlantic cable | How Britain harmed U.S. opinion of Germany. |
| Allies | New the U.S. received regarding WWI was biased in favor of the ____. |
| neutral | Wilson wanted Americans to remain ______ after war broke out in Europe. |
| false | U.S. position prior to our entry in WWI can accurately be describes a neutral. |
| sending loans and supplies to the Allies. | Caused "neutrality" to lose its meaning. |
| Allies | U.S. depending on trade with the _________. |
| Primary way the U.S. could not be classified as a 'neutral noncombatant.' | loans and supplies to Allies |
| Zimmerman Telegram | Asked Mexico to aid Germany in the event of U.S. entry in the war. |
| Russian revolution overthrowing czar | ________ removed the last stumbling block to the full commitment of U.S. to Allies. |
| democratic form of government | Russian government after overthrow of czar. |
| Woodrow Wilson | "World must be made safe for democracy." |
| harmed U.S. opinion of Germany | Effect of Germany's disrespect of U.S. "neutrality." |
| a reason U.S. entered WWI | Long-standing commercial interests of U.S. |
| propaganda | Anti-German feelings resulted from British _____. |
| post-war world | U.S. enter WWI to reform the ____. |
| associates | Americans originally envisioned themselves as ___ of the Allies in WWI. |
| troops | When the U.S. first entered WWI, we did not send ____ to Europe. |
| Selective Service Act | 1917 legislation authorizing draft. |
| false | In general, most Americans resented the WWI draft. |
| American Expeditionary Force | Included 3M draftees, volunteers, national guardsmen, and women volunteers. |
| convoy system | Way the War Department found to transport troops and supplies. |
| destroyers | A convoy of small ___ enable counterattacks against German U-boats. |
| segregation | Not integrating the American troops and separating blacks and whites within American troops. |
| Doughboys | Name for American infantry men. |
| 369th/ Harlem Hell Fighters | African American Regiment that earned the highest French combat award. |
| Red Cross, YWCA, and other service organizations | Ways women found to serve in WWI even before the U.S. entered. |
| Mary E. Gladwin | Woman who served in WWI, the SACFW, and the Russian-Japanese War as a nurse. |
| Lenin | ____ led a new government into power in Russia and made peace with Germany. |
| two-front | Russia's exit relieved Germany from fighting a ___ war. |
| tanks | Allies began to use ____ to break German lines. |
| total surrender | Allies did not want to grant concessions to Germany; they wanted ___. |
| Armistice | Cease fire between the Allies and the Central Powers, September 1918. |
| true | Around 30M people died in WWI. |
| Preparedness | "_____" was costly. |
| liberty bonds | McAdoo raised millions by selling _____ to Americans. |
| Most money for WWI cam from ____. | war bonds/ liberty bonds. |
| war goods | A bureaucracy was needed to oversee the conversion of U.S. industry to the production of _____. |
| War Industries Board | Oversaw entire war effort. |
| Doled out raw materials, told manufacturers what and how much to produce, and fixed prices. | War Industries Board |
| Fuel Administration | Introduced gasless days and daylight savings time. |
| "Food will win the war." | Motto that encouraged voluntary restraint and increased efficiency in the area of food consumption. |
| Food Administration | Organization that coined the motto,"Food will win the war." |
| false | The Food Administration supported and relied on the rationing of food. |
| hostility toward Germans in U.S. during WWI | Reflected by terms frequently used during the WWI era, "Huns," "Liberty measles," and "Liberty sandwich." |
| Committee on Public Information | Country's first propaganda machine. |
| Germany | The Committee on Public Information blamed ___ for WWI and tried to shape American opinion to conform. |
| literacy test | The National Security League convinced Congress to pass a ____ for all immigrants. |
| true | Militarism became more popular during WWI. |
| increased | Social mobility ___ for women and minorities as they were propelled to higher paid work. |
| jobs that opened to women during WWI previosly closed to them. | Telegraph messengers, elevator operators, letter carriers, management positions, and industrial work force. |
| 18th Amendment | Passes showing patriotism because people supported the idea that grain needed to be reserved for bread. |
| Fourteen Points | Wilson's peace plan he took to the Paris Peace Conference following WWI. |
| Included proposals for an end to secret alliances, restoring freedom of the seas, reducing arms, and creating the League of Nations. | 14 Points |
| Article 10 | Provision that pledged members to regard an attack on one as an attack on all. |
| Provision that caused many Americans not to support the League because they feared this provision would threaten the economic independence of the U.S. | Article 10 |
| Wilson snubbed Republicans by not inviting any to the Paris Peace conference. | Why Republicans (in particular) were unusually reluctant to support Wilson's plan for the League of Nations. |
| Allies | Wanted to divide up Germany's colonies and some even wanted total humiliation of Germany. |
| Alsace-Lorraine | France gained control of the mineral resources in this German territory for 15 years. |
| ethnic | Efforts to relieve ___ tensions in Central Europe. |
| Czechoslovakia & Yugoslavia | 2 new nations created following WWI to help relieve ethnic tensions in Central Europe. |
| reparations | Payment from an enemy for economic injury suffered in war. |
| war guilt & reparations | Wilson feared that imposing ___ on Germany would lead to future wars because he believed Germany would not forgive and forget. |
| 33 billion dollars | Reparations Committee ruled that Germany owed the Allies ____. |
| Versailles Treaty | Treaty ending WWI that defined the terms of peace taht was not supported by the U.S. Congress. |
| Irreconcilables | Senators who opposed the Versailles Treaty because it threatened the independence of the U.S. |
| reservationalists | Wanted to impose restrictions on American participation in the League specifically to guarantee the Monroe Doctrine. |
| reintegrating | Following WWI there was no plan for _____ troops back into American society. |
| disillusionment | Many people faced postwar years with _____. |
| war contracts | Federal agencies that had controlled the economy during the war abruptly cancelled ______. |
