| A | B |
|---|
| 3 causes of French Revolution | social injustice, economic distress, Enlightenment ideas |
| Louis XV | "After us, the deluge." |
| Louis XVI | King at time of French Revolution |
| Marie Antoinette | "Let them eat cake." |
| wife of Louis XVI | Marie Antoinette, Hapsburg Princess |
| Estates-General | French legislature; had not met for 175 years |
| National Assembly | meeting of 3rd Estate after being expelled from Versailles |
| Constitutional Monarchy | govt. with monarch & constitution; set up by National Assembly |
| Reign of Terror | violent part of French Revolution |
| How long did revolution take? | about 10 years |
| First Estate | Clergy |
| Second Estate | Nobility |
| Third Estate | bourgeoisie and peasants |
| bourgeoisie | educated middle class in towns; leadership of 3rd Estate |
| The Directory | form of government led by three men, one of whom was Napoleon |
| Napoleon Bonaparte | ambitious man; Director; Emperor of France |
| King unwilling to rule under a constitution | Louis XVI |
| Clergy | Estate having most money per person |
| Left winger | term used to refer to a person who wants radical and immediate change |
| Right winger | term meaning a conservative who wants little or no change |
| Middle-of-the-roader | person who wants some change made slowly |
| Dr. Guillotine | opposed death penalty; sought fast method if it must be done |
| execution instrument | guillotine |
| Bastille | prison in Paris; symbol of tyranny of the King |
| Bastille Day | Independence Day for French people |
| "Liberty, Equality, Fraternity" | slogan of French Revolution |
| national background of Bonaparte family | Italian |
| place of Napoleon's birth | Corsica |
| nepotism | giving important govt. positions to family members |
| Josephine | Napoleon's first wife |
| Marie Louisa | Napoleon's second wife |
| Where did Napoleon leave troops stranded? | Egypt |
| lycee | government sponsored school in France |
| plebiscite | popular vote |
| Napoleonic Code | all men equal before law; limited freedom of speech; some press censorship |
| Corcordat of 1801 | Catholicism major religion of France; allowed religious freedom; France pays Catholic clergy |
| Britain | France's traditional enemy in Europe |
| Battle of Trafalgar | ended France's attempts to control Britain |
| Continental System | Napoleon's attempt to destroy British economy |
| Orders in Council | British attempt to destroy French economy |
| nationalism | yearning of a people for self rule |
| scorched-earth policy | burn all which can be of aid to enemy and flee before they arrive |
| Russia | nation whose winter finally defeated Napoleon |
| 5/6 of his troops (1/2 million men) | amount of Napoleon's men lost in Russian campaign |
| abdicate | to voluntarily give up office |
| Louis XVII | uncrowned son of Louis XVI who died in prison |
| Louis XVIII | brother of Louis XVI who became monarch ruled under a constitution after Napoleon"s defeat |
| arsenic poisoning | known to kill Napoleon |
| Elba | first site of Napoleon's exile |
| St. Helens | second site of Napoleon's exile` |
| Atlantic | St. Helena is located in mid-ocean |
| legacy of Napoleon | reform ideas spread, Constitution, Napoleonic Code, reformed taxes & agriculture, ended absolute monarchy |
