| A | B |
| astronomy | study of universe beyond Earth |
| Earth Science | scientific study of Earth and its universe |
| geology | scientific study of the origin, history and structure of Earth |
| meteorology | scientific study of Earth's atmosphere |
| oceanography | scientific study of Earth's oceans |
| hypothesis | explanation based on observation |
| theory | explanationof something that reaches general acceptance |
| observation | process ofusing the senses to obtain information |
| dependent variable | factor in an experiment that changes as a result of changes in other factors |
| independent variable | factor that is manipulated in an experiment |
| peer review | process by which experts in a field examine another expert's work prior to publication |