| A | B |
|---|
| Atmosphere. | the layer of gases surrounding the Earth. Provides Earth with all the gases necessary to support life. |
| Troposphere. | is the atmospheric layer closest to Earth's surface. |
| Water cycle. | a never-ending process in which water circulates between Earth's surface and the atmosphere through evaporation, transpiration, precipitation, and condensation. The Sun's radiant energy powers this cycle . |
| Humidity. | amount of water vapor in the atmosphere. |
| Dew point. | When air is holding as much water vapor as it can. |
| Relative humidity. | is a measure of the amount of water vapor that could be held in the air at a specific temperature. |
| Precipitation. | can be in the form of rain, freezing rain, sleet, snow, or hail. |
| Tornado. | is a violent, whirling wind that moves in a narrow path over land. |
| Hurricane. | is a large storm that begins as an area of low pressure over tropical oceans. |
| Weather safety. | In the United States, the National Weather Service carefully monitors weather.Using technology such as Doppler radar. |
| A boundary where different air masses collide is called a ____. | Front. |
| Weather. | describes the current condition of the atmosphere. |
| Aerosols. | dust, salt, pollen, and acid droplets in the atmosphere. |
| Air mass. | large body of air that develops over a particular region of Earth's surface. |
| Stratosphere. | the layer of Earth's atmosphere that contains the ozone that protects living things from too much ultraviolet radiation. |
| Exosphere. | the atmospheric layer that is farthest from Earth's surface. |
| Cold front. | when a cold air mass catches up to a warm air mass. |
| Warm front. | when a warm air mass catches up with a cold air mass. |
| Coriolis effect. | What causes low-pressure centers to rotate counter clockwise in the northern hemisphere? |
| Galileo Galilei. | first proved that air has weight. |
| Condensation. | Which step in the water cycle occurs when water vapor changes to liquid water? |
| Fog. | What kind of cloud touches the ground? |
| Conduction. | Which occurs when colliding molecules transfer energy? |
| Hail. | What occurs when strong winds toss ice crystals up and down within a cloud? |
| What do hurricanes produce? | High winds, tornadoes, heavy rain, and storm surges. |
| Why is air pressure lower at the top of a mountain than at sea level? | There is less air pressing down when you are higher. |
| What happens to air molecules when air is heated? | They moved faster and farther apart. |
| Compare and contrast condensation and precipitation. | During condensation water vapor cools and changes to liquid water. Precipitation is water drops or ice crystals that fall from clouds. |
| How can a cloud produce both rain and hail? | If the temperature at the top of a cloud is low enough, small ice crystals will form. Strong updrafts can produce hailstones. If the hailstones are large, they will not melt completely as they fall through warmer air to the ground. In lower parts of the cloud, melting ice crystals and liquid droplets can fall to produce rain. |
| What are four things that occur during the water cycle? | evaporation, condensation, transpiration, and precipitation |
| How would you classify a tall, dark, puffy cloud with rain falling from its lower surface? | cumulonimbus. |
| Why is thunder heard after a flash of lightning? | the air expands rapidly. |
| Name three characteristics that can be compared in tornatoes and hurricanes. | size, longevity (duration), formation (how and where formed). |
| How does sleet form? | Sleet forms when ice crystals fall through a layer of warm air and melt. The drops then re-freeze in a layer of cold air near the surface. |
| What is the mathematical formula for converting from Celsius to Fahrenheit? | degrees Fahrenheit = 9/5 times degrees Celsius plus 32 |
| What is the mathematical formula for converting from Fahrenheit to Celsius? | degrees Celsius = 5/9 times (degrees Fahrenheit minus 32) |
| Clouds | clouds form when air rises,cools, to its dew point.The most common classification method is one that separates clouds into Low,Middle,or High groups. |
