| A | B |
|---|
| Electromagnetic spectrum. | the arrangement of electromagnetic waves according to their wavelengths. |
| Refracting telescope. | optical telescope that uses a double convex lens to bend light and form an image at the focal point. |
| Reflecting telescope. | optical telescope that uses a concave mirror to focus light and form an image at the focal point. |
| Observatories. | building that can house an optical telescope; often has a dome-shaped roof that can be opened for viewing. |
| Radio telescope. | collects and records radio waves traveling through space; can be used day or night under most weather conditions. |
| Rockets. | special engine that can work in space and burns liquid or solid fuel. |
| Satellite. | any natural or artificial object that revovles around another object. |
| Orbit. | curved path followed by a satellite as it revolves around an object. |
| Space probe. | instrument that travels far into the solar system and gathers data that it sends back to Earth. |
| Project- Mercury. | first step in the U.S program to reach the Moon that orbited a piloted spacecraft around Earth and brought it back safely. |
| Project- Gemini. | second stage in the U.S. program to reach the Moon in which an astronaut team connected with another spacecraft in orbit. |
| Apollo. | the final stage of the U.S. program to reach the Moon. It landed on the Moon on July 20, 1969 |
| Neil Armstrong. | first human to set foot on the Moon. |
| Space shuttle. | reusable spacecraft that can carry cargo, astronauts, and satellites to and from space. |
| Space station. | large facility with living quarters, work and exercise areas, and equipment and support systems for humans to live and work in space and conduct research. |
| Magellan. | sent images of Venus to scientists on Earth. |
| Sputnik I . | the first artificial satellite |
| When fully operational, what is the maximum number of people who will crew the International Space Station? | seven |
| The Moon. | a natural satellite of the Earth. |
| What does the space shuttle use to place a satellite into space? | mechanical arm |
| What part of the Space Shuttle is reused? | booster engines |
| What are the advantages of a moon-based telescope over an Earth-based telescope? | The Moon has no atmosphere, light and other forms of energy can reach its surface without distortion |
| How could sensors used to detect toxic chemicals in the space shuttle be beneficial to a factory worker? | The same kind of sensing system could detect dangerous fumes in a factory. |
| What might be some advantages or disadvantages of robotic space probes compared to manned flights? | Robotic space probes are cheaper and can go on one-way deep space missions that people cannot. However, crewed flights provide information about living in space. |
| If the helmet speaker in an astronaut's helmet quits working while out in space and a partner shouts a message to him 1 meter away, will she hear the message? | Sound only travels through matter and space is a vacuum |
| Vikings 1 & 2 | 1975, Visited Mars. |
| Galileo. | 1989, Visited Venus, Europa, Jupiter |
| Lunar Prospector. | 1998, Visited Earth's Moon |
| Pathfinder. | 1996, Visited Mars. |
| Classify the following as satellite or a space probe: Cassini, Sputnik I, Hubble Space Telescope, space shuttle, and Voyager 2. | Sputnik I the shuttle, and Hubble all orbit the Earth like satellites. Voyager and Cassini are space probes. |
| compare space probes and artificial satellites. | Both are sent into space to collect data and send it back to Earth. Space probes travel into space whereas satellites orbit Earth or other bodies. |
